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Tea tree fertilization technology
If tea becomes contaminated, especially when it's exported, its market value and reputation could suffer significantly. To ensure high-quality and high-yield tea, farmers must adopt a comprehensive approach. In addition to practices like using green manure in the tea garden, mulching for moisture retention, applying farmyard manure after harvest, and refining the tea processing techniques, the smart use of foliar fertilizers is also essential. These methods are fast, effective, and can boost production by 20% to 30%.
The key technique involves timing. During the spring, summer, and autumn flushes, when new shoots appear with one bud and one leaf, foliar fertilizer should be applied. The best time is on windless, sunny days, early mornings, or cloudy days. Spraying should occur 2 to 3 times a week, ensuring even coverage on the leaf surface.
In terms of formulation, the main components are nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, with a ratio of 4:1:1. Trace elements are added based on the specific nutrient deficiencies of the tea plants. This tailored approach ensures optimal plant health and growth.
Fertilizer concentration depends on the type of fertilizer and weather conditions. For example, urea is typically used at 0.5%, calcium superphosphate at 1%, potassium sulfate at 0.5%, zinc sulfate at 50–100 ppm, and iron molybdate at 20–50 ppm. Too high a concentration may cause leaf burn, while too low a concentration will not deliver the desired results.
Combining foliar fertilization with other agricultural practices—such as pest control, irrigation, and the use of plant growth regulators—can save labor and make the process more efficient and easier to mechanize.
When combining fertilizers with pesticides, it's important to consider their chemical properties. Acidic fertilizers should be mixed with acidic pesticides, and alkaline fertilizers with alkaline ones, to avoid unwanted chemical reactions that could reduce effectiveness. Using biological pesticides for pest control is a safe, eco-friendly option. Products like Bt emulsion, *Bacillus* species, *Beauveria bassiana*, agricultural antibiotics, and plant-based antibiotics offer a low-cost, high-impact solution without harmful side effects. This integrated approach supports sustainable and high-quality tea production.