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Spring egg feed adjustment must be "four changes"
In the context of seasonal temperature changes, laying hens experience shifts in their nutritional requirements. During colder winter months, hens typically require a metabolizable energy level of around 2,800 kcal per kilogram of feed. However, as temperatures rise in spring, an increase in energy intake can lead to weight gain, which may negatively impact egg production. To optimize productivity, it's advisable to lower the metabolic energy content in feed to approximately 2,700 kcal. This adjustment helps maintain a balanced body condition while boosting egg output. One effective strategy is to reduce the proportion of corn and other grains in the diet, replacing them with alternative energy sources that are more efficiently utilized by the hen.
As egg production increases, so does the demand for protein. When the laying rate reaches 50%, the protein content in the feed should be raised to 15.5%. For every additional 10% increase in egg production, the digestible protein should be increased by 0.5%, but not exceeding 18.5%. This can be achieved by incorporating more high-protein ingredients such as fishmeal, soybean meal, and other plant-based protein sources into the diet.
Mineral requirements also change as egg production rises. Calcium, in particular, plays a critical role in shell formation. If the feed lacks sufficient calcium, hens may lay soft-shelled or even shell-less eggs. To prevent this, calcium levels should be increased from 2% to 3% or even 4%, depending on the stage of production. Phosphorus levels should also be adjusted, rising from 0.5% in winter to 0.6% during peak laying periods. If hens show signs of reduced appetite or other health issues, a slight increase in salt content to 0.1% and the addition of mineral supplements can help improve overall performance.
Vitamin needs also increase as egg production climbs. A well-balanced vitamin profile supports both egg quality and hen health. One practical approach is to increase the amount of fresh vegetables in the diet. In winter, green vegetables might make up about 15% of the feed, but this can be increased to around 32% during the spring when egg production is higher. Additionally, offering a small portion of pellet feed at night—around 15%—can help meet the heightened nutritional demands of laying hens, especially when their production rate exceeds 75%. These adjustments ensure that hens receive all the necessary nutrients to maintain optimal health and egg production throughout the year.