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The yellow snapper, commonly known as yellow ossum, yellow wax, etc., has no scales, delicate meat, less thorns, and delicious taste, and is popular in domestic and foreign markets. With the popularization of stingray breeding techniques in recent years, the area of ​​cultured stingrays in the Pearl River Delta has increased rapidly. After years of exploration, the stingray scientifically collaborated with the healthy fish breeding model to obtain better economic benefits. The relevant technical points are summarized for reference.
1. Basic conditions of the pond: The source of fresh water is abundant; the sediment of the pond is flat and there is no or less silt; the pond has a perfect drainage system, and there is sufficient aeration facility; the water quality of the aquaculture water is colorless, smelly and smelly.
2. Pond Disinfection: The pond is filled with 1.5 meters of water. Each mus of 50 lbs of tea is added with 30 lbs of tea bran or 20 lbs of bleached powder. After 5-7 days, 0.8 lb/mu of copper sulfate is used for disinfection. The test water is used to determine the failure of the drug. seedling.
3. Fertilizer: The water inlet is filtered with a 60-mesh sieve. The water depth is 1.5 meters. Sprinkle 200-300 pounds of fermented organic fertilizer for the fertilizer and water. It is also possible to use plant protein fertilizers for water quality training. Generally it takes 7 days. After the pond has been revived and pushed, it can be 5 days. The yellow, green and brown color of the pond water is good. Observe the water color daily to determine whether to top-dress.
4, seedling density and species mix: Stingray healthy breeding monoculture and polyculture in two ways. Among them, the polyculture method mainly focuses on the sunfish. From April to May, after the ponds had been fertilized, the size of 3-5 cm of solar fish seedlings was placed 15 days in advance and 1,000 fish were stocked per acre. After 15 days, yellow sturgeon seedlings were placed, with specifications of 4-6 cm, and stocking densities of 10 000-15000 tails per mu. It is best for the stingray seedlings to buy their own water standard, and the cultivation specifications will reach 4-6 cm and then divide the pond into adult fish culture. The self-standard coarse-cultivation seedlings will be sized and tidy after being sieved and sized, and after being stocked, they can be fed with expanded compound feed, and the breeding effect will be better.
5, aquaculture management:
(1) Water quality: Due to the high density of cultivation, the pond water must keep cool. In general, during the tidal period, large-scale and large-scale water changes are conducted, ie, 2 large-scale water changes are performed each month. Since the production of pond fish is higher and higher during the rear-breeding period, the replacement of bottom water needs to be strengthened. In the small tidal period, it is usually necessary to add water or a small water change, with an average of 8-10 water changes per month.
(2) Substratum: With the increase of fish growth and feeding, the pond sediment environment will become worse and worse, resulting in the breeding of pathogens. Substrate improvers and trichloroisocyanuric acid tablets can be regularly used as a disinfectant for the bottom treatment. Generally, the bottom improver is used 20-30 days in the early stage and used once in the later 10-15 days. At the same time, at least 2 bacterial preparations such as Bacillus spp. and photosynthetic bacteria were used for beneficial bacteria cultivation to achieve sediment decomposition and water quality regulation.
(3) Feeding: According to the stocking quantity, water quality and different seasons, etc., we should be able to control feeding, feeding, and feeding as much as possible. We should try our best to feed fish according to the principles of "Four Sets" and "Four Views" of scientific fish farming. Note that in the beginning, the stingrays consumed less food, and clustered feeding was not observed until 3-5 days later. Commonly used for stingray puffed compound feed, the protein content of 39-42%, divided into two meals a day sooner or later, the daily feeding amount of fish weighing 5-6%, 3-4% later. Feeding rates also need to be adjusted according to daily feeding observations and weather. Each meal is fed with 7-80% and then added. The size of the feed particle size is arranged according to the size of the fish. According to the characteristics of stingray feeding, eating a short time and being frightened at night, it may be considered to increase the growth rate by eating small meals, especially if feeding more than one meal at night is beneficial to the growth of stingray, and the specifications Relatively neat.
(4) Oxygenation: No aeration machine is required at noon before breeding, and a small-power aerator can be opened in the middle of the night. An aerator can be opened in the mid-middle of the breeding season. Each day, the oxygen can be increased by 2-3 hours, and at least 1 can be opened at night. Two aerators are needed. In later stages, more aerators are needed to ensure the success of high-yield farming. The use of aerators also depends on weather and water quality conditions.
(5) Observing the patrol pond: It mainly observes changes in water quality, fish eating and disease occurrence, etc. During the observation process of the patrol pond, it is necessary to promptly scoop up the filth and dead fish in the pond, and at the same time do a good breeding diary.
6, disease prevention and control:
The main diseases of stingrays include "headshot disease", hemorrhagic edema, hydromycosis, enteritis, trichoderma, and anchor head lice. In the process of high-yield aquaculture, disease prevention is mainly prevention and supplemented by treatment.
The high-yielding aquaculture of stingray adult fishes is mainly caused by trichomonosis and "headshot disease", especially "headshot disease". The disease mainly occurs in the cold season (from March to May and from September to October). According to the survey, the disease is currently one of the major factors affecting the success of stingray breeding, and it is also a disease that is difficult to completely control. The method for preventing and controlling the “headshot disease†of yellow catfish generally requires lowering the water level, increasing dissolved oxygen, improving sediment (putting in trichloroisocyanuric acid tablets, etc.) during the season (the turn of spring and summer or the turn of autumn and winter). Reduce the stress response of the stingray, and at the same time, mix the multi-dimensional and compound Xinnuoming Powder and other baits for 3-5 days every two weeks. For the prevention of other diseases of sunfish or stingrays, baits such as allicin, vitamin C, and raw salt may be fed every 15 days, or water bodies may be used for disinfection.
7, harvest:
Farming until the second year of March-April, first catch the sunfish market. It is generally adopted to lower the water level by 20-30 cm. At the end of the day, it is sufficient to open aerators. When the net is pulled during the day, the sunfish can be caught without affecting the stingray. From the fifth year to the second month of the second year, the stingrays will be caught on the market.
The essential technology of polyculture of yellow catfish and sunfish
Polyculture is one of the effective means to reduce the cost of breeding. Stingray and solar fish are important breeding species in the Pearl River Delta, and the polyculture has achieved better results.