Watering and fertilizing pumpkin

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Pumpkins have a strong root system that allows them to absorb water effectively and resist drought. Their large leaves lead to high transpiration, so timely irrigation is essential to ensure a high yield. Fertilization should be tailored to the pumpkin’s growth stages, as nutrient needs vary throughout its life cycle. During the seedling stage, pumpkin plants are small and require less fertilizer. However, during fruit development, nitrogen uptake increases significantly, while potassium and nitrogen are absorbed at similar rates. Phosphorus absorption remains relatively low. According to research from Japan's Miyazaki Agricultural Experiment Station, nutrient uptake follows a pattern: it starts slowly in the first third of the growing period (from planting to vine pulling), accelerates in the middle third, and peaks in the last third. Potassium and nitrogen are the most absorbed nutrients, followed by calcium, while magnesium and phosphorus are taken up in the smallest amounts. To produce 4,308 kg of pumpkin per 667 square meters, the plant requires 20.5 kg of nitrogen, 6.9 kg of phosphorus pentoxide, and 25.1 kg of potassium oxide. For fertilization, a basal application is crucial. It mainly consists of organic manure and compound fertilizers containing nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. Commonly used base fertilizers include farmyard manure, compost, or green manure. The amount of organic fertilizer applied is typically 3,000–4,000 kg per 667 square meters, making up 1/3 to 1/2 of the total fertilizer. Most phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are also applied as basal fertilizers, mixed with organic matter. In addition, 15–20 kg of NPK fertilizer per 667 square meters is recommended. Basal fertilizer can be applied either by spreading and mixing thoroughly with soil using a screw plow, or by concentrating it in trenches near the planting line. Top dressing is important for supplying additional nutrients, especially quick-release nitrogen, along with phosphate and potash. This usually accounts for 1/2 to 2/3 of the total fertilizer. At the seedling stage, top dressing focuses on nitrogen to promote growth—about 5–8 kg of urea per 667 square meters. During fruiting, more nitrogen, along with phosphorus and potassium, is needed to support fruit expansion. After fruit set, 10–15 kg of urea and 5–10 kg of potassium sulfate are typically applied once or twice. Fertilizer placement matters: during seedlings, apply close to the base, and later move outward. In calcareous soils, nitrogen fertilizers like ammonium bicarbonate should be applied deep into the soil (at least 6 cm) to prevent loss. Stable fertilizers like ammonium sulfate or urea can be dissolved in paddy water for top dressing. In the mid-to-late growth stages, root absorption weakens, so foliar feeding can help supplement nutrients. A solution of 0.2%–0.3% urea, 0.5%–1% chlorinated fertilizer, or 0.2%–0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be sprayed every 7–10 days, alternating between different types and applying 2–3 times. This ensures continuous nutrition and supports healthy pumpkin development.

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SJ700~SJ1800/SJ 2000


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RND 68 RND 76 RD 44



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PC 2-5 PC 2-6


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