Affected by the recent cold and rainy weather in southern China, many vineyards have lost more fertilizer, and grapes and young fruit have fallen off. As a result, grape production has been generally reduced this year. Farmers should pay attention to scientific fertilization to restore the damage caused by the disaster.

First, the basal fertilizer should be highlighted and set by fertilizer. The grape yield is positively correlated with the level of fertilization. It is generally believed that in order to obtain high yields, sufficient basal fertilization must be applied to set production by fertilizer. For 500 kilograms of vineyards per mu, 1,000 kilograms of quality decomposed organic manure, or 100 kilograms of commercial organic manure, and 25 kilograms of NPK fertilizer with high N content are to be applied. The soil fertility is more than adequate to apply a little nitrogenous fertilizer, fertilization is better to apply phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. In the base fertilizer, the amount of nitrogen fertilizer should account for 60% to 70% of the annual fertilization amount, phosphorus should account for 80%, and potassium should account for 30% to 40%. Avoid using unfamed poultry droppings. It is recommended to cover rice straw in the garden. The thickness of the grass cover is about 20 cm. It can not only keep warm and protect the weeds, but also inhibit weeds. After the straw rots, it can also improve the soil. The newly-built vineyards should be grooved and dug and planted. The ditch should be 60 cm wide and 40 cm deep. 3000 to 5,000 kg of organic manure should be applied per acre. The mixture should be mixed with fine soil and used as base fertilizer. A further layer of topsoil should be filled in the ditch. For the seedlings in the spring, lay a base fertilizer and do not spread the fertilizer on the ground.

Second, it should be suitable for seedlings and fertilizer. Grape growth period, in addition to the application of basal fertilizer, but also in accordance with the development stage of fractional timely fertilizer, urea should be applied before germination 7 to 10 kg, potassium sulfate 15 kg; early flowering urea 10 to 15 kg of urea, potassium sulfate 15 to 20 Kilograms; Mushi urea 15 to 18 kg of young fruit, potassium sulfate 8 to 10 kg. In order to make up for the deficiency of some nutrient elements, it is also necessary to spray 0.1% to 0.2% of Sonic Boron solution twice before flowering at intervals of 7 to 10 days; spraying 0.2% to 0.3% of KH2PO4 solution during fruit setting period 2 ~ 3 times, or sprayed 0.05% ~ 0.1% manganese sulfate solution.

Third, control the retention of the mother branch and update the master vine. In order to avoid waste of nutrients due to inefficient shoots, the plant type must be repaired. Entering the period of sleep should begin winter pruning, pruning in leaves before the beginning of spring. Trimming is divided into short cuts and updated cuts. The short cuts are aimed at the main vines and the new cuts are aimed at the old vines. The time period for the update was 8 to 12 for buds, 5 to 7 for buds, and 2 to 3 for buds. For the species with a high number of vines, the cultivars with long vines and middle vines should be used. For medium or weak cultivars, medium and short pods should be used. To update the pruning, the first step is to selectively cultivate the young sprouts of the grape base minister. When the new branch buds can produce more fruit spikes, the old vines that have already declined will be cut off immediately; the second is to weaken the fruit bearing mother branches. Stay strong, stay on and stay before.

Fourth, clean up the debris and reduce the source of the disease. In addition to scientific fertilization, the grapes increase production, but they also need to clear the sick. In the winter, it is necessary to thoroughly clean up the vineyards. First, we must clean up the remaining leaves and leaves. Second, we must check the nets and remove the weeds. Then we must bury or burn them. Before the sprouting of the grapes, the stalks, branches, and soil of the vine were thoroughly sprayed 1 to 2 times with the Baume 5 degree lime sulfur agent to kill germs and reduce the number of morbidities in the coming year.

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