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Prevention and treatment of lily blight
The day lily, commonly known as *Hemerocallis*, is a perennial herb belonging to the Liliaceae family. Its edible part is the unopened bud, which is not only delicious but also highly nutritious. It has been a traditional and popular vegetable in many Asian cuisines for centuries.
One of the most common diseases affecting day lilies is leaf blight. This disease primarily targets the leaves and flower buds. Initially, small water-soaked brown spots appear on the leaf tips or edges, which then spread along the veins, forming brown streaks. The lesions have a reddish border and a dark brown center, with clusters of black spots visible on the surface. In severe cases, the entire leaf may wither. When the disease affects the flowers, lesions typically develop about 35 cm above the ground. These start as water-soaked spots that eventually turn dark brown, forming oval or oblong patches. The edges of these lesions are dark brown, and the center becomes black. Severe infections can cause the flower buds to yellow and die prematurely.
The pathogen responsible for this disease survives in infected plant debris and spreads through wind and rain. The disease usually begins in late April and becomes more active in May and June, especially under high humidity and rainy conditions. Additionally, damage caused by grasshoppers can worsen the situation, making the problem even more severe.
To manage leaf blight effectively, it's important to maintain good field hygiene. Proper fertilization and timely drainage after rainfall are essential to avoid waterlogging and excessive moisture. For chemical control, applying 50% carbendazim wettable powder at a dilution of 600–800 times is recommended during the early stages of the disease. Spraying should be done every 7–10 days, and up to two or three applications may be necessary depending on the severity. In areas where earthworms are a problem, using an appropriate insecticide can help reduce their impact and prevent further damage.