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Summer care sheep ten attention
In summer, managing the sheep shed properly is essential to ensure the health and comfort of the animals. First, cooling the space is crucial. If the roof is made of flat tiles, applying white lime or installing sunshades can help reduce heat. Additionally, ventilation windows should be placed at the base of the south and north walls to improve air circulation. Installing awnings on the sun-facing side of the building can further reduce temperatures. It's also important to install screens and doors with mesh to keep out flies and mosquitoes, which are more active in warm weather.
Whether raising sheep in a confined or elevated system, it's necessary to provide feed troughs to prevent waste and ensure efficient feeding. Increasing feed intake is vital during hot months, as sheep tend to eat less due to heat stress. To counter this, increasing the frequency of feedings can help maintain their energy levels. However, simply increasing the number of meals isn't enough—high-quality, nutrient-dense feed is essential for maintaining health and productivity.
During summer, boosting the nutritional content of the diet is key. Adult sheep should receive about 200 grams of concentrated feed daily, while newly weaned lambs need around 100 grams. The concentrate should include about 25% cake, such as cottonseed or soybean meal, but these must be detoxified first by soaking them in water for 24 hours and rinsing thoroughly before use.
Feeding high-quality forage is also important, especially for young lambs and pregnant ewes. Green forages like alfalfa or green bean stalks are ideal due to their palatability and nutrition. Hay should be dry and clean, with hawthorn vines and peanut hay being good options. It’s best to feed hay first, then offer fresh grass to avoid overeating, which can lead to digestive issues like bloating or diarrhea. Avoid using moldy forage, as it can cause illness.
Grazing should be done early in the morning and late in the afternoon, avoiding the hottest part of the day. Nighttime feeding is recommended during summer, ideally around 10 p.m., to allow sheep time to rest and digest without discomfort. The quality and quantity of feed should both be carefully managed.
Maintaining hydration is critical in summer. Provide clean, fresh water at all times, and add 0.2 grams of salt per kilogram of body weight to help maintain electrolyte balance.
Cooling measures should also be implemented. Shade areas should be available, and shearing may be considered to help sheep regulate body temperature. Improving ventilation through open windows or fans can aid in heat dissipation.
Creating a comfortable resting environment is essential. Ensure the housing and outdoor areas are clean and well-ventilated, allowing sheep to rest and recover from the heat. This helps maintain their immunity and production levels.
Pest control is another important aspect. Insecticides and regular deworming are necessary to prevent infestations. For example, administering avermectin at 0.02 ml per kg of body weight can help eliminate internal parasites. Vaccinations should also be up to date, especially for pregnant ewes, who should receive the lamb dysentery vaccine 20–30 days before birth and 10–20 days before labor.
Disease prevention and treatment are also key. For diarrhea, antibiotics like gentamicin can be administered on an empty stomach. For sores, cleaning the wound with potassium permanganate and applying antiseptics like gentian violet or ointments containing penicillin can help. Infected animals should be isolated, and equipment should be disinfected regularly.
Lastly, blackleg disease (a type of clostridial infection) requires prompt treatment. Early administration of anti-Clostridium novyi serum, along with penicillin injections, can help prevent severe outcomes. Timely action is crucial in managing this serious condition.
By implementing these practices, farmers can ensure the well-being of their sheep throughout the hot summer season.