Strictly Prevent and Control the Seven Key Steps to Combat Ginger Rickets
Ginger rickets, also known as ginger rot or ginger soft rot, is a bacterial disease caused by *Pseudomonas* species. Unfortunately, there are currently no effective bactericides available for this disease. Therefore, it's essential to focus on comprehensive agricultural prevention and control measures. By focusing on breaking the transmission chain and controlling the spread of the disease, the following seven critical steps must be strictly followed:
1. **Land Selection and Crop Rotation**
The pathogens of ginger rickets can survive in the soil for up to 6 years, making it a major source of infection. Simply rotating crops like rice and ginger (one year of ginger, two years of rice) may not fully solve the problem. It's important to choose high ground with good drainage and avoid planting ginger in areas where previous crops included tomatoes, peppers, eggplants, potatoes, or peanuts. A proper crop rotation plan is crucial.
2. **Selecting Healthy Seed Ginger**
Using infected seed ginger can lead to rapid spread of the disease underground. Before planting, select only healthy seeds. After sun-drying for two days, remove any ginger that shows discoloration, softness, water spots, or easily peeled skin. Choose disease-free, pest-free, plump, bright, and well-developed ginger with strong buds. This ensures a stronger start for your crop.
3. **Soil and Seed Disinfection**
- Soak the ginger in 500 times diluted Copper Thiophene (Lactococcus) for 3 hours to disinfect and promote germination. Avoid soaking for more than 6 hours, as excessive moisture can weaken the sprouts. Alternatively, use a 1:1:150 Bordeaux mixture for 15–30 minutes.
- After soaking, treat the wounds of the ginger with plant ash or 300 times diluted T. bronchodendron (Loncobacter) to prevent soil bacteria from entering through the cuts.
For soil disinfection, spray formaldehyde 7 days before planting, cover with mulch for 4 days, then open the field 3 days before sowing. Alternatively, apply 20% thiazolybdate (Loncobacter) at 500 times dilution on prepared ridges.
4. **Cultivation Management**
- Use sufficient farmyard manure and avoid using contaminated materials like ginger stems, leaves, or soil for compost.
- Level the field, deepen ditches, and ensure proper drainage to prevent waterlogging.
- Isolate ginger fields to avoid cross-contamination; do not irrigate or arrange plants in a way that allows disease to spread.
- Apply balanced fertilizers, increase phosphorus and potassium, and avoid overuse of nitrogen.
- Regularly inspect the field. If diseased plants are found, remove them immediately and destroy them. Spray a 5% bleaching powder solution or fresh lime powder on the affected area to clean the field thoroughly.
- Throughout the growing season, spray 20% Thiobacillus copper (Loncobacter) 3–4 times to maintain protection.
5. **Unified Prevention and Control Measures**
Combine mass prevention with targeted control, integrate agricultural and chemical methods, and ensure consistency in timing, chemicals, and techniques. When ginger seedlings emerge, their tender buds are vulnerable to injury from stones or pests. At this stage, irrigate the roots with 20% Thiobacillus copper diluted 500–750 times, applying 100–150 ml per hole depending on soil moisture.
As the plants grow to 3–5 leaves, pests such as ginger borer may appear in mid-June. These pests damage the leaves, allowing bacteria to enter during rain or dew, leading to root rot. By early July, symptoms like yellowing and wilting leaves become visible. At this stage, focus on intensive prevention. Spray 20% Thiobacillus (Loncobacter) at 500 times dilution, 3–4 times per cycle with 7–10 day intervals. You can also alternate with copper hydroxide or agricultural streptomycin sulfate if needed.
6. **Physical Control Methods**
Under suitable conditions, cover the ginger fields with nets during the first half of the year. This helps reduce soil moisture evaporation, limits irrigation frequency, and lowers humidity. It also prevents adult aphids from laying eggs in the field, reducing leaf damage and the occurrence of ginger borer.
7. **Weather-Related Measures**
After several days of heavy rain, flooding, or typhoons, spray the fields with a 20% Thiobacillus (Loncobacter) solution diluted 500 times, 2–3 times over 7–10 days to protect against sudden disease outbreaks.
This guidance is based on the demonstration and recommendations from the Vegetable Development Bureau of Suiping District, Bin County, Sichuan Province, and the Agricultural Technology Extension Center of Liuzhou Xinman Park, Guangxi. Organized by the Technical Department of Zhejiang Longwan Chemical Co., Ltd.
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