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Does the North Schisandra and Schisandra are the same?
Schisandra, commonly divided into two main types: Northern and Southern Schisandra. The Southern variety is an evergreen, woody vine that thrives south of the Yangtze River. It's widely used for vertical greening but cannot survive in colder regions north of the river. On the other hand, *Schisandra chinensis*, also known as Chinese magnolia-vine or Liaowuwei, is a member of the Schisandraceae family. Native to northeastern China, North China, Hubei, Hunan, Sichuan, and other provinces, it's a versatile plant valued for both medicinal and culinary uses.
Morphologically, Schisandra features stems that can grow up to 6–15 meters long, with a reddish-brown, smooth, slightly ribbed surface. Its leaves are alternate, membranous, and broadly elliptical, with sparse fine teeth along the edges. The upper leaf surface is glossy, while the underside is pale green. The petioles and veins often have a reddish tint. The flowers are unisexual, ranging from milky white to pink, and emit a rich fragrance. They bloom between May and June. The fruits are spherical, turning dark red when ripe, and cluster together in drooping spikes. The fruiting period usually occurs from September to October.
Ecologically, Schisandra prefers warm climates and is quite cold-tolerant—seedlings sown in the same year can withstand temperatures as low as -21°C. It thrives in shaded areas, and young plants should be protected from direct sunlight. It grows well in loose, sandy loam soils. With its attractive tree shape, vibrant red berries, and a unique sweet-sour flavor, Schisandra is not only ornamental but also highly functional. The seeds have a bitter, spicy, and slightly salty taste, which is why the plant is named "Schisandra," derived from the Greek words meaning "splitting mouth" due to its intense flavor.