Chestnut storage

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Chestnuts are sensitive to environmental conditions during storage, making proper handling essential to maintain quality and prevent spoilage. They are vulnerable to heat, dryness, and moisture, which can lead to weight loss, germination, insect infestation, or decay (commonly known as "black mouth"). To ensure better storage, it is recommended to select mid- and late-maturing varieties such as oil chestnuts or wool chestnuts, which have higher resistance to storage issues. Harvesting should occur when the outer husks turn yellow, cracks appear on the pods, and the nuts inside become brown and tanned. The optimal time for harvest is when about one-third of the fruits on the tree begin to crack. During harvesting, long bamboo poles are used to shake the fruit clusters gently. Freshly harvested chestnuts contain high moisture and respiratory activity, so they must be cooled properly before storage. Avoid piling them in large quantities, as this can cause excessive sweating and heat buildup. Instead, allow them to air-dry or cool down in a shaded area before placing them into storage facilities. The ideal storage temperature ranges from 1°C to 14°C, with a minimum of -3°C to avoid cold damage. Temperatures that are too high may promote mold growth, while temperatures that are too low can cause freezing injury. The environment should remain humid, ideally at 90%–95% relative humidity, and the gas composition should be adjusted to approximately 10% carbon dioxide and 3% oxygen to slow down respiration and extend shelf life. Common pests during storage include the chestnut weevil and chestnut moth. The weevil, which emerges between July and August, lays eggs inside the nuts through piercing mouthparts. The larvae feed on the nut from within, while the chestnut moth's larvae develop on the spines of the fruit. Prevention is key, and methods include cleaning the garden by removing fallen leaves and weeds, deep plowing the soil, and burning infested material. Insecticides like bromoformamidine or sulfur dioxide can be used in sealed storage areas, but highly toxic chemicals such as dichlorvos should be avoided. Several storage methods are commonly used. One is the sand method, where chestnuts are layered with damp sand in a cool room, alternating layers of sand and nuts, covered with straw. Another is the shell storage method, where dried chestnuts are placed in a ventilated space with river sand and straw. Refrigeration is effective in warmer regions, using controlled temperature and humidity. For advanced systems, quick-freezing after peeling is an efficient technique, while drying and roasting are also viable options for long-term preservation. Regular checks and proper ventilation are essential to maintain quality throughout the storage period.

Metatron Hunter 4025 NLS

Metatron Hunter 4025:

Description and Field of Application
Purpose
The Metapathia-GR Hunter software can operate only with the telemetric nonlinear analysis data processing apparatus "Metatron" and its subsequent modifications. The telemetric nonlinear analysis data processing device is compatible with the IBM-type PCs and intended for studying reaction of a biological object to different types of the informational impact. "Metatron" allows correlating the measurement process with the process affecting it and performs the following.


Operations:
1) It measures J (0) which mirrors the change of the describing parameter, and the entropic potential relative to its ini- tial value;
2) It transforms continuous signal J (0) with the preset intervals of frequencies into a histogram (a row of numerical val-ues of scanned frequencies with serial numbers from 1.8 to 8.2 Hz.);
3) It sends the current W values to PC and displays the graph on the monitor simultaneously with its impact on the examinee.
4) It accumulates the W value in its memory unit, if observing the histogram is more convenient upon completion of the measurements;
5) It issues the scale-correlated commands required for regulating the effect on the examinee at testing;
6) It transmits the W values from the unit into PC memory upon completion of the measurements and saves them in unit memory of prior to the beginning of recording data of the next measurements.


Telemetric nonlinear analysis data processing apparatus "Metatron" (hereinafter "apparatus") can be used for non-linear analysis of biological structures and testing of biologically active supplements. The apparatus can also be used in research centers and scientific research facilities.

Metatron Hunter 4025

The apparatus is intended to register psychophysics changes in system and allows to:


- Get qualitative estimation of functional condition in a form of topical analysis.
- Control effectiveness and results of different ways of treatment.
- Analyze dynamics of functional condition changes over period of time.
- Determine initial nidus of functional breach.
- Estimate character of changes using expert systems.
- Estimate basic characteristics of bio-system homeostasis.
Metatron Hunter 4025


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