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American modified 502 round onion cultivation points
The selected land plot features a flat topography, excellent irrigation conditions, and a groundwater content of 0.2% or less. The soil is neutral in pH, highly fertile, and composed of sandy loam that is not heavy or compacted, making it ideal for plant growth.
Nursery planting is best done one to two days before or after the "White Dew" season. If sown too early, seedlings may experience premature convulsions, while sowing too late can reduce overall yield. After planting the entire area, ensure sufficient watering. Once the water has been absorbed, mix the seeds with fine sandy soil in a 1:10 ratio and sow them evenly. Cover the seeds with a thin layer of soil, approximately 1 cm thick. After covering, apply phoxim granules to protect against underground pests. A seed rate of 3 grams per square meter is recommended, which typically results in around 350 healthy seedlings. When the seedlings reach a height of 4 to 5 cm, maintain their height between 3 to 4 cm to ensure strong growth.
Planting time is generally ideal just before or after late October (the frost period). For soil preparation, apply 5,000 kg of organic manure, 50 kg of diammonium phosphate, and 50 kg of superphosphate. After fertilization, till the soil to a depth of 30 cm. Combine this with a soil spray of fluhalin EC to control weeds and use phloxin granules to manage underground pests. Select seedlings that are 20 to 25 cm tall, with a stem diameter of 0.6 to 0.9 cm and 4 to 5 leaves. Seedlings that are too large may bolt or flower prematurely, while those that are too small risk freezing during winter.
After planting and returning to green, water immediately and ensure proper infiltration. Perform timely cultivation to promote root development. Apply frozen water in mid-November before the first frost and cover the area with mulch. Properly manage the protective film during winter, and promptly seal any holes to prevent damage from cold temperatures.
For pest and disease control, use 40% dimethoate EC diluted at 800 times to manage leaf-feeding pests. Apply Bordeaux mixture to control onion purple spot. For downy mildew, use 60% aluminum alginate diluted at 500 times, combined with a spreading agent. Regular monitoring and timely intervention are essential for maintaining healthy crops throughout the growing season.