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Pear tree flowering period management points
Pear tree flowering is a critical period that significantly affects fruit yield and quality. Poor management during this time can lead to excessive blossoms with few fruits, low fruit set, and reduced economic returns. Implementing proper strategies during the flowering stage can enhance fruit setting rates, improve fruit quality, and increase profitability.
First, applying top dressing before flowering helps improve flower bud quality and supports the tree's nutrient needs during bloom. A quick-acting compound fertilizer should be applied in early spring, about 0.5–1 kg per tree, with an additional 1–2 kg of urea for weaker trees. The total amount of fertilizer should be around 10–15% of the annual requirement.
Second, pruning before flowering is essential for managing tree structure and fruit load. Remove weak, diseased, or overcrowded branches to balance growth and fruit production. Leave 1–2 flower buds per fruit-bearing branch, ensuring each fruit has enough space to develop. If too many buds are removed, some varieties may fail to produce new growth. For branches that have developed too many flower buds, they should be lightly pruned to encourage better fruit development and promote longer branches for future fruiting.
Third, thinning flowers and artificial pollination are key steps. Pear trees often have multiple flowers per inflorescence, so removing excess blooms helps concentrate nutrients on the remaining ones. Aim to leave 1–2 flowers per cluster. For varieties with poor self-pollination, plant compatible pollinators. If not available, perform artificial pollination by collecting pollen from open flowers and applying it during the full bloom phase. This increases the chances of successful fertilization.
Fourth, spraying boron during flowering improves pollen tube growth and sugar transport within the tree. Apply a 0.5% borax solution mixed with 0.3–0.5% urea at 25% and 75% bloom stages. Adding 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate can further boost fruit set by providing essential phosphorus and potassium.
Finally, protecting pear trees from frost is crucial. Flowering often occurs before the last frost, making them vulnerable. To prevent damage:
1. Water the soil before flowering to lower temperatures and delay blooming.
2. Paint tree trunks white to reflect sunlight and delay flowering by 3–5 days.
3. Use smoke to create a protective layer over the orchard. Materials like sawdust, straw, and leaves can be stacked and ignited when temperatures drop below -2°C. Monitor the temperature closely and ensure smoke is produced without damaging branches. Alternatively, use anti-frost aerosols containing ammonium nitrate, sawdust, and diesel to generate heat and protect the blossoms.
By following these practices, growers can effectively manage pear tree flowering, leading to higher yields and better-quality fruit.