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Choose what to look for
The cow is a precious asset on the farm. In rural areas where agricultural machinery is not yet widely available, farmers rely heavily on cattle for plowing and other farm tasks. Choosing the right cow for spring farming is crucial. Here are eight key factors to consider when selecting a strong and reliable workhorse:
First, check the skin and coat. A healthy cow should have a shiny, thin, soft, and flexible hide, indicating good health and strength. The fur should be fine and dense, while coarse, sparse hair is a sign of poor condition.
Next, examine the head and neck. A well-built cow will have a long, slender neck with a refined, alert expression. The bones should be visible but not too prominent, the jaw should be wide, the ears should be large and thin, the eyes round and bright, and the mouth should be wide—often referred to as a "purse-like" opening. The nostrils should also be large, and the neck should be thick and muscular, showing strength and vitality.
When looking at the shoulders, they should be high and broad. As the saying goes, “A high shoulder means a good plow.†The scapula should be long and wide, with well-developed shoulder muscles that bulge slightly. This structure allows the cow to pull the yoke tightly and work efficiently in the fields.
The chest and abdomen are also important indicators of internal organ development and overall health. A good working cow should have a deep and wide chest, with long, arched ribs that are close together. The belly should be full, rounded, and compact, often referred to as "ribbed" or "bone ribs," which shows good digestion and stamina.
The back and loin should be broad and flat, with a straight spine and a long, low back. The loin should be short and well-muscled, providing stability and power during work.
The hindquarters should be lower than the front, allowing for better propulsion. The hip bones should be wide, and the thighs should be full and well-developed, forming an inverted pear shape. This structure ensures strong, efficient movement.
The legs and hooves are essential for supporting the cow’s weight and enabling it to perform labor effectively. A good cow should have thick bones, well-developed muscles, and clean, open joints. The legs should be straight, with the front legs slightly bent and the hock joint well-defined. Strong, sturdy hooves are also a must—large, thick, and resembling "tiger claws" indicate durability and resilience.
By carefully observing these characteristics, farmers can select the best cows for their farming needs, ensuring productivity and efficiency throughout the season.