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Soybean Variety Liao Shou No. 2 Cultivation Technique
Soybean cultivation requires careful attention to several key factors to ensure high yields and quality. First, soil conditions are not overly strict, as soybeans can be grown on both flat and sloped land. Even in thin soils, they can produce a good yield, but the best results are achieved in fertile areas where proper irrigation and fertilization are available. The more favorable the growing conditions, the higher the yield.
When selecting plots for planting, it's important to avoid continuous cropping and instead implement crop rotation. Reclaimed land is generally unsuitable for soybean cultivation, as this can lead to poor yields. Proper crop rotation is essential for maintaining soil health and maximizing production.
In terms of seed selection, only high-yielding varieties should be used. Intercropped or mixed soybean types tend to produce lower yields, so it’s crucial to eliminate these and use pure, high-quality seeds. Before planting, seeds should be carefully selected to remove any damaged, diseased, or insect-eaten grains, ensuring that the germination rate is over 98%.
The optimal sowing period typically falls between early April and mid-May. However, local climate conditions, such as temperature fluctuations, may affect the exact timing. For example, in central and southern Liaoning, the ideal window is from April 25 to May 5, while in Hebei, it ranges from April 27 to May 10. In Ningxia, planting should occur between April 20 and 25, and in Shaanxi, around April 15 to 20. In Gansu, the best time is between April 5 and 10. It’s essential to wait until the soil temperature at 5 cm depth reaches at least 8°C before sowing. Sowing density should be around 5 kg per mu, with plant population between 1.0 to 1.1 million per acre. Dense planting is recommended for thin plants, while sparse planting works better for well-developed ones.
Fertilizer application plays a critical role in soybean growth. A standard recommendation includes 12 kg of diammonium phosphate, 9 kg of potassium sulfate, 30 kg of multi-element silicon fertilizer, and 2000 kg of organic manure per mu, applied before planting. After flowering, an additional 8 kg of urea per mu is advised to support pod development.
Seedling transplantation should take place when the first compound leaf appears, ensuring healthy and vigorous growth. Field management is also vital—combining manual weeding with herbicides helps control weeds, while regular soil cultivation improves root development and lodging resistance. Pest control measures must be implemented promptly to prevent damage from aphids and soybean borers.
Harvesting should occur 5-7 days after the leaves have fully matured and begun to fall. After drying for 4-6 days, the soybeans can be threshed and stored in a cool, well-ventilated area to maintain quality and prevent spoilage. With proper planning and execution, farmers can achieve consistent and high yields throughout the growing season.