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Choose what to look for
The cow is a true treasure on the farm. In rural areas where agricultural machinery is not yet widespread, farmers rely heavily on cattle for plowing and other essential farming tasks. Choosing the right cattle for spring planting is crucial. Here are eight key points to consider when selecting quality farm cattle:
First, examine the skin and coat. A healthy cow should have shiny, thin, soft, and flexible skin. This indicates good development, strength, and vitality. The hair should be fine and dense, while buffalo hair tends to be coarse and sparse.
Next, look at the head and neck. A good cow should have a long and slender neck with a delicate and alert appearance. The bones should be visible but not too prominent, with a wide angle between the horns. The ears should be large and thin, the eyes round and big, and the mouth wide—often referred to as a "purse opening." The nostrils should also be large. The neck needs to be thick and short, well-muscled, which reflects a strong and hardworking nature.
When checking the shoulders, they should be high and broad. As the saying goes, “A high front means the plow will work.†The scapula should be long and wide, with a bulging shoulder cartilage and wide ridges. These features help the cow carry the yoke tightly and plow efficiently.
The chest and abdomen are important indicators of internal organ development and overall health. A good cow should have a deep and wide chest, with long and arched ribs that are closely spaced. The abdomen should be full, large, and compact, often referred to as "bone ribs," indicating good digestion and stamina.
The back and waist should be broad and flat, with strong muscles. The back should be straight, and the chest and back should be long, while the lower back should be short and sturdy.
The hindquarters should be lower than the front, providing better propulsion. The hip bones should be wide, and the hip muscles should be full with a moderate slope, giving the body an inverted pear shape. This structure ensures strong power and endurance.
The legs and hooves are critical for supporting the cow’s weight and performing labor. As the saying goes, “One skin is selected, and four feet are chosen.†Good cattle should have thick bones, well-developed muscles, and limbs that are straight and strong. The forelimbs should be slightly bent, and the sacrum should be long while the tailbone is short. These traits ensure the cow moves quickly and steadily while plowing.
Finally, check the hooves and knees. They should be strong, well-proportioned, and large, resembling “tiger claws.†Thick soles and well-maintained hooves are signs of a hardy and durable animal.
By carefully observing these characteristics, farmers can select the best cattle for their farming needs, ensuring productivity and efficiency during the busy spring season.