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Ramie plastic film covering cultivation techniques
Plastic film mulching is a highly effective technique for achieving high yields and efficient cultivation of ramie. Its importance lies in several key aspects. First, it helps raise soil temperature in early spring, extending the growing period by 10 to 15 days. Second, it retains soil moisture, which is especially crucial in dry regions. Third, it effectively suppresses weed growth. Fourth, it reduces the occurrence of pests and diseases during the seedling stage. Fifth, it prevents salt accumulation on the soil surface. Sixth, it keeps the soil loose, prevents crusting, and improves nutrient absorption. Seventh, it reduces labor intensity by eliminating the need for manual weeding and watering, thus saving time and costs. Lastly, it increases yield and overall efficiency. For an acre of land, the cost of plastic film is only about 20–30 yuan, yet it can boost production by more than 30%.
The timing for covering the film is critical. It should be done when the ground temperature stabilizes at around 5°C, or approximately 10–15 days before the ideal sowing date. In Shandong, this usually occurs in mid-March. The choice of film specifications depends on local conditions. A single-row method is commonly used, while double-row methods may be applied in northwest irrigation areas. The film raises the soil temperature by 3–7°C, promoting better growth. To reduce costs, ultra-thin polyethylene or low-density polyethylene films with a width of 60–70 cm are often used.
The application method involves using a laminating machine to cover the field after sowing, creating ridges and furrows. In areas with heavy rainfall, ridge-covering is preferred to improve drainage and prevent waterlogging.
Sowing time should be adjusted accordingly—about 5–7 days later than conventional planting—to avoid early emergence caused by high temperatures, which could expose young plants to frost. The sowing method involves cutting small holes in the mulch using a small shovel, placing 2–3 seeds per hole, and then covering them with fine soil. This technique saves time and effort, promotes seedling emergence, and ensures better establishment.
Proper management is essential, and farmers should follow standard ramie cultivation practices to ensure optimal results.