Cultivation and management of fish ponds in Wuyi Adult Fish

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1. Adjust feeding amounts appropriately: When raising black quail alongside adult fish in the same pond, it's important to account for their weight when calculating the total feed. The feed should be increased slightly to support not only the black quail but also other aquatic organisms such as small fish, shrimp, insects, frogs, and even cockroaches that live in the pond. This helps create a more diverse ecosystem that supports the growth of black quail. Additionally, you can introduce species with strong breeding capabilities, like large tilapia, oysters, or squid, which can naturally reproduce and provide additional food sources for the black quail. Younger fish and larvae can also be allowed to grow in the pond, offering natural prey for the quail. Larger eels or catfish can still be raised as commercial fish, increasing overall yield per unit area.

2. Plant aquatic vegetation: Black quail prefer to hide among water plants in shallow areas, where they can quickly attack and eat small fish and shrimp. To provide them with suitable hiding spots, floating plants like water spinach, water hyacinth, and duckweed can be planted in the pond. These plants help the quail remain camouflaged and improve their ability to catch prey. The planting area should not exceed 1/5 of the pond’s surface, and should be placed in shallow zones near the banks, with a width of 60-80 cm (not exceeding 1 meter). Overplanting can reduce water quality, affect fish growth, and cause oxygen depletion at night. Proper plant coverage also provides spawning grounds for wild or self-breeding fish, and serves as shelter for young fish. It also helps shade the water and maintain better water quality.

3. Prevent escape: Black quail are known for their ability to escape, especially when water levels rise or there is a current. Therefore, the pond's edge should be at least 30-40 cm above the water level. Install anti-escape barriers at the pond entrance and exit, and check them carefully after heavy rain to prevent the quail from escaping through drains. Also, watch for any signs of quail trying to jump out, as even a small amount of moisture on land allows them to move using a snake-like motion.

4. Avoid ferrous sulfate: When raising black quail in fish ponds, special care must be taken when treating diseases, as different fish species react differently to medications. Copper sulfate or trichlorfon mixtures are commonly used to treat parasitic infections in farmed fish, but black quail are highly sensitive to ferrous sulfate, which can lead to mass deaths. Therefore, during disease outbreaks, avoid using ferrous sulfate and instead use copper sulfate or trichlorfon to treat the fish safely.

5. Remove black quail during winter: In winter, fish ponds are typically drained, and remaining fish are harvested before restocking. Black quail are usually stocked between May and June, and after 5-6 months of growth, they can reach weights of 150-400 grams, sometimes up to 600 grams. If left in the pond, they can become a threat to new fish stocks. Therefore, it's essential to completely remove all black quail during winter drainage. They often hide in the silt, making them hard to catch. If some remain, they can negatively impact future stocking. Choose shallow, clean ponds for winter draining, and if necessary, use safe methods to eliminate any remaining quail before restocking the next season.

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