Skillfully making mycelium dense and strong to achieve high quality and high yield

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Cultivation of mushroom, Coprinus comatus and other edible fungi, often appear after the original species inoculation is not growing, mycelium sparse abnormal conditions, and some even inoculation block does not germinate, which not only affects the cultivation of edible mushroom production, but also its quality With the decline, the benefits have been greatly affected. According to the principle and experience of strain growth and our many years of practice, we will now introduce some practical techniques for making the mycelium dense and thriving as follows.

I. Analysis of causes of sparse mycelium and poor growth

1, the base material pH value is high. The growth and development of edible mushroom hyphae are mostly mild acid or weak alkaline conditions, and the general pH value should be in the range of 5.5-7.5.

2, the base material moisture content is high. Generally, the moisture content of the original seed base should be adjusted to about 65%, and the highest can be about 70%. When the moisture content exceeds 75%, the permeability is poor. In severe cases, the lower part of the bacteria bottle is water-stained or has accumulated water. The hyphae are in this environment. It is impossible to grow normally, and it is a last resort for the extension of beam head. In severe cases, mycelial autolysis will also occur.

3, base material rancid. According to the long-term practical experience, abnormal growth of bacteria (non-pollution phenomenon), base rancidity is one of the main reasons.

4, the base material is not rich in nutrition. Most farmers like to find reasons from the aspect of nutrient delivery, but they are not. Even if pure cottonseed hulls or even pure corn cobs and pure wood chips are used, the mycelium will normally grow as long as it is in normal operation, but the speed will be reduced and the above phenomenon will never occur. This reason can be eliminated.

Second, the mystery of the mycelium, strong growth of several measures

1. Properly mix the pH of the base material. The basic ingredients of the raw species such as oyster mushroom and coprinus comatus can be referred to the following basic formulas: cottonseed hull 95 kg, wheat bran 5 kg, superphosphate 2 kg, lime powder 2-3 kg, urea 0.30 kg, water 150-160 kilogram. Pleurotus ostreatus can be bottled immediately after mixing. Coprinus comatus base material should be stacked and fermented for about 5 days before bottling, so the amount of lime powder can be increased. However, the pH of the base material should be adjusted to 8 when bottling, and after sterilization, the pH can be reduced to 7-7.5, just suitable for mycelial growth.

2, grasp the appropriate moisture content. The ratio of feed to water should generally be controlled between 1:1.50-1.60 in production. However, if the fermentation process is stacked, the amount of water used may be increased to supplement the water lost during the fermentation process. Most of the production uses “hand grip” to measure moisture, which can be judged based on experience. However, the moisture content of the base material cannot be measured. It should be based on the amount of water added, the loss of moisture, and the replenishment situation. It is of course better to have a moisture measurement device.

3. Sterilize in time to kill the microorganisms in the material. The time distance between the operation of the bottling (bag) and the sterilization process can be effectively controlled to prevent rancidity of the base material. The general requirement is: When the bottle is bottled, manpower should be concentrated. It is best to use mechanical operation. About 1 hour before the end of bottle filling, the sterilizing pot is heated to generate steam, and the temperature in the sterilization room reaches about 80°C. Especially in the high temperature season from May to September, it is even more stringent. Afterwards, while continuing to bottling, the pots were potted, and the two tasks were basically completed at the same time. The firepower was increased so that the bottle temperature reached the prescribed 100°C as soon as possible, after which the small fire kept boiling. When autoclaving equipment is used, the sterilization chamber should also be preheated to avoid rancidity of the base material before reaching the specified temperature. Atmospheric pressure sterilization should be maintained for 6-12 hours, and autoclave pressure is maintained at 0.15 MPa for 2 hours.

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