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According to Du Jie of the Institute of Cancer Prevention and Treatment of Harbin Medical University, CT and MR imaging tests are the first generation of cancer detection technology, and patients need to develop tumors to a certain extent before they can be diagnosed; serum immune protein detection is the second generation technology, in the early stage of cancer. It can be found, but it is still necessary to use imaging technology to determine which cancers are needed, and the accuracy rate is only 35%. Protein fingerprinting is a new generation technology. It collects a drop of blood from the examiner through the instrument and extracts the serum protein to draw a fingerprint. If the peak appears in a certain area, it indicates that the examiner corresponds to the organ cancer. The accuracy of this method is 95% to 98%.
Experts say that cancer is a long process. Many years before the cancer occurred in a certain part of the body, the composition of various proteins in the human body has changed. However, in the current domestic clinical tumor detection, most of them only adopt a certain protein marker, so the positive rate of detection is low. The protein fingerprinting is a new technology emerging in the world in recent years. It can measure a variety of proteins in human body and draw a "fingerprint" map of exclusive proteins, which greatly improves the positive rate of cancer diagnosis. For example, among the 10 people who may have ovarian cancer, only 3 will be detected by the current clinical method, and the positive rate is 30%. With protein fingerprinting, this accuracy is 98%. The sensitivity of protein fingerprinting detection can reach more than 90%, and some mutated genes can be found 3 to 5 years ahead of time, so as to provide timely tumor warning for patients.
According to Dr. Zhang Jianzhong, director of the Department of Pathology of the 306 Hospital of the People's Liberation Army, the main reason for the high mortality rate of malignant tumors in China is that the discovery is not timely, and protein fingerprinting can solve this problem.
Protein fingerprinting technology is a new technology emerging from proteomics. It is used to identify and judge various disease-specific protein fingerprints, and can directly detect untreated urine, blood or cell lysate. For example, the diagnostic accuracy of the traditional ovarian cancer tumor marker CA-125 is about 25%, and the accuracy of protein fingerprinting technology can reach 100%. The tumor is detected earlier than CT and MRI, so that the early diagnosis and early treatment of the tumor become may. The technology was invented and applied to the clinic in the United States at the end of the last century. Currently, the ovarian cancer protein fingerprints developed in the United States have been used to screen for ovarian cancer.
An epoch-making diagnostic model How amazing is the birth of protein fingerprinting technology? With the completion of the sequencing of the human genome, humans have the key to decoding the essence of life. However, there are only about 30,000 human genes, which is much less than the expected number, which does not match the ever-changing individual differences and disease performance of human beings. In fact, the thousands of scenes of life are expressed through the protein of the gene, and the number of human proteins is about 100,000. Therefore, fully exploiting and utilizing the extremely rich information in proteins is of great significance for understanding the physiological and pathological activities of the human body and detecting the occurrence and development of diseases.
At the end of the last century, after 10 years of unremitting efforts, American scientists invented a very effective early diagnosis method for diseases. This is the protein fingerprinting technology. Unlike traditional testing techniques that can only be analyzed for a single indicator, SELDI explores the tinyst indicators and signs of early disease by analyzing protein dynamics and never overwhelming a lot of disease-related information. Taking tumors as an example, it takes about 10 to 15 years for a tumor cell to grow into a tumor. Although there are many early screening methods such as Pap smear, occult blood test, esophageal pull net, computed tomography, and ultrasound diagnosis, the sensitivity and specificity are less than 60% on average. According to the US authoritative journal Tumor Research, protein fingerprinting technology can detect the protein fingerprint of prostate cancer 5 years ago. Because tumor markers are sensitive, when the number of tumor cells reaches tens of millions, biochemical changes such as proteins, enzymes or oncogenes can be detected from serum and urine.
Having a personal life CD is no longer a concept of dream protein fingerprinting. Just as everyone's fingerprints are different from others, the specific protein expression of each disease is different. Calling a fingerprint is a metaphor for the image. The protein fingerprinting technology consists of a protein chip and an analytical instrument—surface-enhanced laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. It can record the changes of protein components in the patient's serum, draw a protein fingerprint mass spectrum, and display various proteins in the sample. Information on molecular weight, content, etc. By comparing this map with the normal person, the spectrum of a patient with a disease, or the spectrum in the gene bank, you can finally discover and capture new specific related proteins and their characteristics. The whole measurement is usually in dozens of minutes. carry out.
Scientists have identified specific markers for various diseases and found that different fragments of a protein are markers of different types of tumors or other diseases. Therefore, this technology is expected to bring breakthroughs in the diagnosis, treatment and drug development of diseases. This year, the United States has used this technology for screening ovarian cancer with an accuracy rate of 100%. 89 diseases have been detected by this technology, such as breast cancer, prostate cancer, liver cancer and other tumors; myocardial infarction, hypertension, acute heart failure and other cardiovascular diseases; SARS, AIDS, viral hepatitis and other infectious diseases; depression Neuropsychiatry such as syndrome, Alzheimer's disease, and other diseases such as diabetes and thalassemia. The protein fingerprint of a person's life is in a dynamic and constantly changing process. Through this technology, people may have their own life CDs in the future, record the fingerprints of different stages of the individual's life, and understand and observe their own physiology at the molecular level. Change, or as a reference before and after treatment.
Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research 2009, 28:85
Guidelines for clinical application of protein fingerprinting
Guidelines for clinical application of protein fingerprinting
First, the application of protein fingerprinting in early tumor screening
Clinically, patients with a family history of tumors or suspected symptoms, especially those who have at least one of the following symptoms, should immediately perform protein fingerprinting to detect cancer as early as possible.
☆ Unexplained pain and weight loss;
☆ The wound has not healed for a long time;
☆ 疣 or black cockroaches have changed significantly;
☆ persistent indigestion, blood in the stool, hematuria;
☆ persistent hoarseness, dry cough and difficulty swallowing;
☆ abnormal menstrual bleeding, menstrual period or postmenopausal bleeding;
☆ ear and nasal secretions with blood, visual impairment, hearing loss, and often tinnitus;
☆ There is a lump or palpable induration or hard change;
☆ patients with cirrhosis;
☆ suspected embryonic cell tumors;
☆ Male prostate adenoma patients older than 50 years old;
☆ Suspected thyroid medullary cancer or a patient with such cancer in the family.
For subjects with positive initial detection of protein fingerprints and no abnormalities, it is recommended to check every three to six weeks.
If the retest results are negative, the possibility of tumor removal is naturally excluded (probably a transient increase in benign disease).
If it continues to be positive for three consecutive times, it should be highly valued, detailed medical history and physical examination, combined with localization of protein fingerprinting and various imaging examinations for tumor localization.
Those who continue to be positive and cannot find positive signs at one time should continue to follow up for regular re-examination. It can also be combined with the family history of the tumor and the characteristics of the local cancer spectrum, and appropriate preventive intervention intervention.
Second, the application of protein fingerprint in the judgment and monitoring of tumor efficacy
Protein fingerprinting is of great significance for judging the effects of tumor treatment (chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgical treatment).
The protein fingerprint index increased preoperatively and decreased after surgery. It is an important prognostic indicator; the absence or decrease of the index rarely indicates that the tumor is incomplete or multiple tumors are present. If the treatment is completed, although the surgeon and the pathologist believe that the treatment is R0 resection or imaging examination, no residual tumor is found, as long as the protein fingerprint index does not fall within the reference level of the healthy control group, it indicates that the treatment is invalid. .
The protein fingerprint has been at a normal level for a period of time after tumor treatment, indicating that the tumor has healed. Protein fingerprints are again elevated after returning to normal levels after tumor treatment, which may indicate tumor recurrence and metastasis. Protein fingerprinting is still at a high level or continues to increase after tumor treatment, indicating that the treatment effect is not good.
During the treatment monitoring, the first detection and review interval of the protein fingerprint should be set according to the biological half-life of different protein fingerprints. For example, a reference to the first pre-treatment level can be estimated when to review to see if the treatment is effective. Therefore, the interval between the review should not be too short, otherwise it may be misunderstood that the tumor is not completely removed; but if the interval is too long, the clinical will not be able to distinguish whether the tumor is relapsed or the initial treatment is not effective.
Third, the application of protein fingerprint in the early monitoring of tumor recurrence
Protein fingerprinting is an important non-invasive monitoring indicator after surgical resection. If the protein fingerprint is normal after surgery and the tumor increases after recurrence, the rate of increase is highly predictive of tumor progression.
The rate of increase in protein fingerprinting indicators is often used to assess tumor development or metastasis. Clinically, the time for further detailed examination should be based on changes in protein fingerprinting indicators. If the index of the protein fingerprint is maintained at a low or normal range, no other non-invasive or expensive tests are necessary, but if the protein fingerprint is elevated, it is necessary to perform the above checks. For 50% of cases, an accurate measurement of the protein fingerprint profile will predict tumor progression at least 10 months earlier than other tests.
Clinical monitoring of tumors can provide a diagnostic basis for tumor metastasis and recurrence over a period of time by establishing a monitoring schedule to observe dynamic changes in various markers. This not only benefits treatment, but also greatly improves the prognosis. Patients with embryonic cell tumors, ovarian cancer, and multiple myeloma benefit from the superior selection of treatment regimens.
In tumor patients with negative protein fingerprints before treatment, antigenic expression of protein fingerprints may exist. Therefore, it is recommended to monitor protein fingerprints regularly to observe further progression of the disease.
During tumor monitoring, the frequency of marker detection depends on the characteristics of the tumor, the recommended monitoring schedule, and indicators of protein fingerprinting or possible changes in tumor activity.
In the treatment of malignant tumors and the course of disease monitoring, it is recommended to detect two or more protein fingerprints to improve clinical sensitivity.
Fourth, the recommended scheme for protein fingerprinting follow-up
For patients with cancer after treatment, protein fingerprinting can be used to monitor the recurrence and metastasis of cancer. The time of detection can be referred to the recommended protocol for protein fingerprinting follow-up:
The first review was started after the 6th week after the end of the radiotherapy or chemotherapy;
Every 3 months for 3 years; once every 6 months for 3 to 5 years;
Once a year for 5 to 7 years;
Can be reviewed after 7 years;
During the period, if it is found to be elevated, it will be re-examined once in one month. The second increase confirms the recurrence or metastasis of the cancer, about 3 to 13 months earlier than the clinical. Timely additional treatment will effectively extend the life of the patient.
V. Principles for the detection of protein fingerprints
1-2 times before treatment;
The first measurement after treatment should be within 2 to 14 days after treatment;
The first year and the second year after treatment, once a month, once every 3 months after the protein fingerprint is significantly reduced;
From the third year to the fifth year after treatment, it is measured twice a year or once a year;
It is measured once a year from the sixth year after treatment.
6. Principles for the identification of benign and malignant diseases
Certain protein fingerprinting indicators of certain non-tumor benign diseases also appear elevated, such as some acute inflammation: hepatitis, tuberculosis; some autoimmune diseases: lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid, etc.;
Some of the benign, transient increases in protein fingerprinting indicators in the dynamic observation will decline to normal as the condition improves. On the contrary, it is the tumor that does not fall or rises. This is actually a gradual process.
In view of China's national conditions, it is recommended that the first detection of protein fingerprinting is positive, and it should be reviewed every six weeks. If it is kept positive for 12 consecutive weeks (three months), the tumor should be examined.
Follow-up: Patients whose protein fingerprints have decreased at least within three months can naturally exclude tumors.
7. Influencing factors of protein fingerprinting results
No ideal tumor markers with 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity have been found to date. Because tumor markers are not only produced when cancer occurs, but also in different degrees under normal and benign conditions; the generation of tumor markers is also affected by some biological activity factors; the collection and improper storage of blood specimens may also affect the determination of tumor markers. result. Therefore, attention should be paid to the problem of false positives and false negatives in the detection of tumor markers.
If the interval from blood collection to serum separation is >60 min, the protein fingerprint index will increase from platelets and increase;
If the skin contacts the inner wall of the blood test tube, the protein fingerprint index can be increased;
If the sample is contaminated by saliva, it will increase the protein fingerprint profile;
Hemolysis can cause red blood cell release, and increase the protein fingerprint index;
A sample of jaundice blood will cause an increase in the index of protein fingerprints;
Therapeutic drugs, such as high-index divalent or trivalent metal ions, terpenoids, guanidines and guanidines (isosorbide dinitrate, verapamil hydrochloride), vitamin C, cisplatin (antitumor drugs), mitos (anti-tumor antibiotics), estradiol, epirubicin (antibiotics), these drugs can cause a false rise in the level of protein fingerprints;
A human anti-mouse immunoglobulin antibody (HAMA) is produced in a patient receiving a mouse immunoglobulin as an immunospinning imaging immunotherapy or immunotherapy. These heterophilic anti-immunoglobulin antibodies can also be present in patients receiving so-called fresh cell therapy, thereby causing a false increase in the level of protein fingerprinting.
Age has a significant effect on the index of protein fingerprints. A study reported that by detecting protein fingerprints of healthy individuals aged 66-99 years, it was found that at least 10% of individuals had an increase in a protein fingerprint profile.
Factors causing false positives
– some benign diseases, such as inflammatory diseases, increase the expression of some tumor markers;
– there are some physiological changes, such as pregnancy and menstruation;
– In the course of tumor surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy, the production of certain tumor markers increases due to destruction of tumor tissue or tumor necrosis, which affects the determination of protein fingerprints, resulting in false positives;
– the effects of certain therapeutic drugs;
– Specimens are collected or mishandled, such as: hemolysis, jaundice, etc.
Factors causing false negatives
– the number of tumor cells that produce tumor markers is small;
– the cell or number of surfaces is closed;
– some antibodies in the body fluids form immunological complexes with protein fingerprints (tumor antigens);
– Tumor tissue itself has poor blood circulation, and the protein fingerprints produced by it cannot be secreted into peripheral blood.
Case 1
Internationally renowned medical journal Lancet: Protein Fingerprint (SELDI) for the diagnosis of ovarian cancer with unprecedented precision
Take a small amount of blood from your finger and apply the world's most advanced protein fingerprint SELDI protein chip to know if you have ovarian cancer within 30 minutes. The internationally renowned medical journal The Lancet published the results of this study by the US FDA and the National Cancer Institute (NCI). Experts pointed out that through the relevant protein chip system technology, the diagnostic accuracy of early ovarian cancer can reach 95%, and the positive predictive rate reaches 94%. This suggests that malignant tumor cells such as ovarian cancer may be recognized at an early stage of formation.
According to statistics, about 80% of ovarian cancer patients have been found in the middle and late stages. The currently widely used diagnostic method, namely, related tumor antigen detection plus ultrasound examination, is only about 20% positive for ovarian cancer.
The current well-known biomarker for ovarian cancer, tumor antigen 125 (CAI25), has limitations. Ovarian cancer is often found in advanced stages and after metastasis. In advanced ovarian cancer, 80% of CA125 levels are abnormal. However, this is of limited clinical value because of the poor clinical efficacy of advanced ovarian cancer treatment. The five-year survival rate is only 35%. What doctors need is a biomarker that can give them hints when cancer cells are confined to the ovaries in the early stages of ovarian cancer. At this time, surgery can cure 90% of patients. However, unfortunately, only 60% of the levels of CA125 in early ovarian cancer are abnormal.
In contrast, in the test group of 116 serum samples, the five protein patterns found in the protein fingerprint correctly confirmed all 18 stage I ovarian cancers, predicting all ovarian cancer cases in the sample. The malignant group included all subtypes of egg-stained epithelial cancer. The only regret is that three of the 66 cases it predicted were non-malignant, and the non-malignant group included possible false positives, benign disorders such as uterine fibroids and endometriosis. Overall, the protein fingerprinting prediction success rate was 94% (50/53), while CA125 was only 35%.
The ovarian cancer fingerprints found not only the five proteins in the serum, but also a proportional relationship between them. Protein fingerprinting separates proteins based on molecular weight and charge. Analysis of the results of the protein fingerprint revealed approximately 15200 serum proteins and peptides in the blood sample. The height of the peak shows the corresponding abundance of the protein in the serum. It is only 30 minutes to analyze the fingerprint of a serum sample if the protein to be detected is known to be SELDI. Therefore, the speed and cost efficiency of protein fingerprinting is highly desirable for determining whether there is ovarian cancer by protein pattern in serum.
Use of proteomic patterns in serum to identify ovarian cancer
Lancet, 2002, 359(9306): 572-577.
Case 2
The American Oncology Authoritative Journal of Cancer Research: Protein Fingerprinting (SELDI) detects protein fingerprints formed by prostate cancer five years ago.
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the common male urinary tumors. Early diagnosis and treatment is the most effective way to reduce patient mortality and prolong survival. During the development of PCa, the protein profile expressed before and after cell malignant changes.
Serum PSA was detected by protein fingerprinting in 45 patients with prostate cancer and 45 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Serum PSA was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The differential protein and PSA were analyzed. Results Nine differential proteins were detected in the serum of patients with prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia (P<0.01). Seven differentially expressed proteins were differentially expressed in prostate cancer patients, and two were low expression. Combined differential molecular masses 3771.14 and 4481.59 were used to diagnose prostate cancer with a sensitivity of 96.39% and a specificity of 92.63%. 3771.14 protein and serum PSA have strong complementarity in the diagnosis of prostate cancer. Specific marker proteins for prostate cancer can be screened by protein fingerprinting techniques. Combined detection of multiple differential proteins can improve the sensitivity and specificity of prostate cancer diagnosis. Combined with 3771.14 protein and serum PSA can better diagnose prostate cancer at an early stage.
By detecting the serum of the patient 5 years ago, it was found that the 3771.14 protein was already expressed before the malignant transformation of prostate cancer patients. Protein fingerprinting technology can detect protein fingerprints formed by prostate cancer 5-10 years ago, which is more accurate and early diagnosis than CT and nuclear magnetic imaging, and provides a possibility for early cure of tumors.
Serum Protein Fingerprinting Coupled with a Pattern-matching Algorithm Distinguishes Prostate Cancer from Benign Prostate Hyperplasia and Healthy Men
Cancer Resraech, 2002, 62: 3609-3614
Case 3
The famous British magazine "Nature": Protein Fingerprint (SELDI) draws "cancer signature"
After the completion of the human genome sequence sketch, life sciences entered the "post-genome era," and the focus of research shifted to the study of complex protein functions. Protein is the final product of gene expression. Changes in the physiological state of organ tissues can cause changes in serum proteome. Therefore, studies on proteins and proteomics can directly capture the characteristic markers of diseases.
Since human serum is a fairly abundant and constantly changing system, it is difficult for a single serum tumor marker to actually trace back to the relevant cellular tissue, and a set of serum proteins (multiparametric markers) associated with canceration of a particular tissue is found. A more effective approach, this is the so-called "cancer signature."
The emergence of high-throughput protein fingerprinting-surface enhanced laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (SELDI-TOF-MS) mass spectrometry has led to the development of "cancer fingerprints" The reality. At present, the use of SELDI technology to discover the special biological markers of tumors has unique advantages and important significance for the early diagnosis of tumors, and has shown very significant effects in the clinical application of various tumors.
Proteomics delivers on promise of cancer biomarkers
Nature Med, 2003, 9(8): 980.
Case 4
"Science" in the famous American magazine: Protein fingerprints found AIDS protein inhibitors
Scientists discovered 16 years ago that 2% to 3% of people in Africa do not develop AIDS after being infected with HIV, but it is not known what substances prevent HIV replication in the body. Professor He Dayi, the founder of the famous AIDS cocktail therapy, used protein fingerprinting SELDI technology to compare the culture supernatant of CD8 T lymphocytes from AIDS patients, HIV-infected but long-term survivors and normal people, and found that the immune system is maintained in relative Among the long-term survivors of normal levels of HIV infection, there is a specific increase in the levels of a group of proteins (defensin 1, a-defensin 2, and defensin 3, respectively). It has been demonstrated that the removal of defensins from the culture medium by specific antibodies can effectively inhibit the proliferation of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Defensin 1, 2, and 3 proteins have an inhibitory effect on AIDS, which is a protein that is not found in ordinary humans. And successfully developed AIDS protein inhibitors. In addition, protein fingerprinting technology participated in the fight against SARS in 2003. In just a few months, serum protein fingerprints of SARS-infected patients were found, and SARS patient-specific four protein fingerprint peaks were used to establish an early SARS diagnosis model. The achievement passed the scientific achievement appraisal of the Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission in 2004 and applied for Chinese and US patents. The study's article was published in the January 2005 issue of Clinical Chemistry.
Contribution of Human _-Defensin 1,2, and 3 to the Anti-HIV-1 Activity
Of CD8 Antiviral Factor
Science, 2002, 298: 995–1000
Proteomic Fingerprints for Potential Application to Early Diagnosis of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)
Clinical Chemistry, 2005, 51, 1: 56–64
Case 5
Peking Union Medical College Hospital: early diagnosis of renal cancer with protein fingerprint
Early renal cell carcinoma (RCC) often has no obvious symptoms, and there is no clinically useful tumor marker, which often delays diagnosis. Under the guidance of Director Li Hanzhong of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Peking Union Medical College Hospital, the fingerprints of 66 RCC patients were detected by protein fingerprinting. There were 7 proteins with significant differences, and the molecular masses were 3190, 3931, 4040, 4100, respectively. 4131, 4295 and 5473 (p < 0.01), the diagnostic sensitivity was 88% and the specificity was 91%. When the patient's serum protein 3190 intensity is higher than 12.487 or the protein 3931 intensity is higher than 3.872, the patients with stage I renal cancer can be clearly diagnosed for early diagnosis. These two proteins are smooth muscle protein and carbonic anhydrase-I.
Application of serum protein fingerprint in diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma
Chinese Journal of Urology, 2006, 27 (8): 527-529
Case 6
Wuhan Tongji Hospital: Protein Fingerprint Monitoring of Renal Transplant Rejection
Renal transplant rejection currently relies primarily on renal biopsy. However, this traumatic examination has certain risks and limitations. Now, Zhou Ping, director of the Transplantation Research Institute of Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, used protein fingerprinting technology to perform urine test on kidney transplant patients. It can be used for non-invasive, 24 h monitoring of disease changes and identification of acute and renal transplant rejection. The rate is as high as 91%~94%. This is of great significance for the adjustment of the dose of immunosuppressive agents after kidney transplantation, the diagnosis of complications and efficacy, and will also provide important clinical references for the precise tissue matching, efficacy judgment and complications of other transplantation (liver and heart) techniques.
Case 7
"Health News" "protein fingerprinting technology": early detection of tumors
Protein fingerprinting technology is a technology that emerged with the rise of proteomics. Once introduced, it has become a hotspot in the medical field. This technology can directly detect a large number of low-abundance proteins that could not be measured in the past, greatly improving the protein detection rate. The third new platform after the history of diagnostics, followed by enzymatic methods and immunological methods, has revolutionized current medical diagnostics. The protein fingerprint is suitable for the identification and judgment of various disease-specific protein fingerprints, and has the characteristics of fast, simple, accurate and specific. According to authoritative reports, the use of protein fingerprints to diagnose a variety of tumor sensitivity and specificity of more than 80%, greatly better than the current clinically used tumor markers, the technology found tumors earlier than CT, nuclear magnetic, so that the early diagnosis of tumors, Treatment is possible. It is reported that the protein fingerprint has been established in 15 to 20 famous institutions in China to establish a protein fingerprint library for all tumors in China.
Case 8
"Harbin Daily" accurately detects cancer with only one drop of blood
This reporter (Reporter Wu Tianfei) can find out which cancer it has by drawing the examiner's protein fingerprint.
Case 9
"Beijing Evening News" protein fingerprints "deciphered" cancer - measurement accuracy rate of more than 90%
This newspaper (correspondent Zhang Jiji reporter Jia Xiaohong) can detect more than 90% of the accuracy of different fragments of protein and advance 3 to 5 years ahead of time to warn different types of tumors or other diseases.
Case 10
"Health News" protein fingerprints can detect diseases earlier
This reporter (Reporter Zhang Yizi) April 21, the scientific conference on protein fingerprinting technology was held in Beijing. The latest advancement of this technology in the world is that it can detect different types of tumors or other diseases through the variation of different fragments of a protein, which is characterized by fast, simple, accurate and specific. Protein fingerprinting technology marks the birth of an epoch-making diagnostic model.
Case 11
What does the "Health News" protein fingerprint bring to humans?
A few years ago, Professor Cheng Shuzhen, the chief scientist of China's "973" plan "Basic Research on the Occurrence and Development of Malignant Tumors", said that the key to cancer treatment lies in early detection and early treatment. The space-occupying lesions that can be observed under CT and MRI are not the earliest, and certainly not the best period of treatment. He suggested that cancer should be seen from the perspective of cell biology, killing tumors in the germination stage of cells. But who can see this in the autumn? Recently, protein fingerprinting technology (SELDI) has shown that a fast, simple, accurate and specific diagnostic technique is coming to humans.
Diseases
Sensitivity
Specificity
Document source
Liver cancer
91.20%
97.10%
Zheng Yanhua, Li Ning, Zhang Jianzhong Protein microarray technology screening screening of liver cancer serum marker protein Chinese Journal of Laboratory Medicine, June 2005, Vol. 28, No. 6
Lung cancer
95.90%
90.00%
Yang Shuanying, Xiao Xueyuan, He Dacheng Screening of Serum Markers in Patients with Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Using Protein Chip Technology Chinese Journal of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Medicine January 2006 Vol. 29, No. 1
Gastric cancer
90.91%
93.55%
Liang Yong, Pan Chunqin, Guo Junhua. Application of serum protein fingerprinting model in the diagnosis of gastric adenocarcinoma. Chinese Journal of Laboratory Medicine, Vol. 27, No. 9, September 2004
Prostate cancer
96.39%
92.63%
Pan Yuxi, Xiao Xueyuan, Yang Baoxue Application of Protein Chip Technology in Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer. Chinese Medical Journal, November 30, 2005, Vol. 85, No. 45
Breast cancer
91.20%
93.30%
Hu Yue, Zhang Suzhan, Zheng Shu, Detection of serum protein fingerprints in breast cancer patients and its clinical significance. Chinese Journal of Laboratory Medicine, Vol. 27, No. 10, October 2004
Ovarian cancer
100.00%
90.90%
Yu Jiekai, Zheng Shu, Liu Jian, Serum protein profiling and artificial neural network model for the diagnosis of ovarian cancer. Chinese Journal of Laboratory Medicine, Vol. 28, No. 5, May 2005
Colorectal cancer
97.30%
100.00%
Gao Chunfang, Zhao Guang, Ma Longhua. Clinical significance of screening for specific biomarkers in colorectal cancer patients by time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Chinese Journal of Laboratory Medicine, Vol.26, No.11, November 2003
Pancreatic cancer
96.97%
96.67%
Wang Baozhen Using SELDI-TOF-MS Technology to Establish a Serum Protein Fingerprint Model for Pancreatic Cancer Screening Journal of Radiation Immunology, Vol. 22, No. 2, 2009
Esophageal cancer
91.50%
86.90%
Wang Ying, Zhang Zisen, Zhao Xiaohang. Study on the diagnostic model of serum WCX2 protein chip in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Chinese Journal of Laboratory Medicine, Vol. 27, No. 10, October 2004
Kidney cancer
88.00%
91.00%
Zhang Ruiqiang, Li Ning, Wang Peng serum protein fingerprinting model in the diagnosis of renal cancer. Chinese Journal of Urology, August 2006, Vol. 27, No. 8
Laryngeal cancer
87.00%
90.20%
Zhang Xiuqiang, Deng Biping, Qu Xing, Surface-Enhanced Laser Desorption Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry, Serum Protein Fingerprinting in the Diagnosis of Laryngeal Cancer, Journal of Otorhinolaryngology, September 2006, Vol. 20, No. 18
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
91.66%
95.83%
Yuanjiao Huang, Chao Xuan, Min He SELDI-TOF MS profiling of serum for detection of nasopharyngeal