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Non-pollution broccoli cultivation technology
First, plots and species selection Loam, sandy loam is more suitable for the growth of broccoli, requiring land plots to have irrigation and drainage conditions, so that irrigation can be dry, squatting can row. Variety is the most preferred "excellent" in the international market. Second, the cultivation season Broccoli can be cultivated in spring and autumn, with the best cultivation quality in autumn. In the spring, the planting seedlings will be planted in the protected areas on March 10-15, and will be planted on April 15-20 and will be harvested in early June. In the autumn, the shade nets will be planted on seedlings from June 25 to July 5 and planted on July 20-31. Harvest begins in early September. Third, sowing nursery 1, the matrix preparation of the nursery substrate should be selected peat, vermiculite, perlite preparation, adding 1.5 kg of potassium sulfate compound fertilizer per cubic meter, 50% carbendazim 150 grams fully mixed stand-by. 2, sowing method selection of 128 standard seedling tray, the matrix material into the tray, neatly placed on the nursery bed. Before planting, sow the bottom water, sow 1 seed per hole and cover 0.5 cm thick substrate after sowing. Spring nursery seedlings will be covered with plastic film for warming and moisturizing; autumn seedlings will be planted with 2 layers of shade nets, sun shade and rain protection. 3. Seedling management in spring, seedlings, the daytime temperature before emergence 20 °C ~ 25 °C, night temperature 10 °C ~ 15 °C; after emergence 15 °C ~ 20 °C, night 8 °C ~ 10 °C; 5 ~ 7 days before planting The seedlings are cold-tempered to adapt them to external conditions. When the nursery in the autumn comes out 60% of the time, a shade net is set up in time. The tray matrix seedlings should always check the moisture status of the matrix material, not too dry and too wet, and properly control the promotion, depending on the seedling growth with 0.1% ~ 0.3% urea and 0.1% ~ 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution extra-root fertilizer. The standard of strong seedlings was that the seedlings reached 3 true leaves, and the stem sections were thick and short, the leaves were dark green, and the roots were well developed. No pests were harmed. Fourth, site preparation and fertilization Fertilization combined with 1500-2000 kg organic fertilizer Mushi or 2000 kg chicken manure, 25 kg of potassium sulfate compound fertilizer, borax 2 to 3 kg. After rotaving, the ridges were ridiculed. The ridge distance was 110 cm and the depth of the trench was 25 cm. After repression, the plants were to be planted. In the spring, planting was required to cover the mulch. The planting pattern is double-rowed with large ridges, with a 45-50 cm row spacing and about 3,300 Mu seedlings. V. Fertilizer management After 7 to 10 days of broccoli planting, the first topdressing, Mushi potassium sulphate compound fertilizer 15 kg; the second top dressing in the initial bud of broccoli, Mushi urea 10 kg, potassium sulfate 7.5 kg, At the same time spraying 0.05% ~ 0.1% borax solution to prevent empty stems. Broccoli is not tolerant to drought and is not tolerant. It is important to pay attention to timely irrigation in dry seasons and timely discharge of water from the fields during the rainy season. In particular, during the harvest of broccoli, water supply must be ensured to ensure that the buds grow compactly. VI. Pest Control 1. The initial stage of root rot was sprayed with 3000 times of agricultural streptomycin or 75% of chlorothalonil wettable powder 600 times. 2. The initial stage of damping off disease is controlled by spraying with 72.2% Prec 600 or 53% Jinlei Duomi 600-800 times. 3, before the sowing of clubroot disease with seed weight 0.3% of the 40% seed dressing double powder seed dressing, if necessary, can be used 20% methylisoprenium phosphate 1000 times Irrigation root control, or 40% pentachloronitrobenzene per acre 2 to 3 kilograms, 40 to 50 kilograms of mixed fine soil are planted for soil disinfection. 4. For the control of cabbage caterpillars and diamondback moths, 4.5% beta-cypermethrin was used at the initial stage and 1500 times was used for 15% and hitting 3000 times for spraying. The initial stage of the bulb was sprayed with 2.5% vegetable hi 1000 times solution or BT 500 times solution. 5. Control Spodoptera exigua and Spodoptera litura with 4.5% beta-cypermethrin 1500 times solution or 5% stuck solution 1000-1500 times solution in late afternoon spray. 7. Harvested broccoli is mainly export-oriented. It requires compact, dark green color, complete surface, no pest damage, no deformity and mechanical damage. Harvesting requirements to retain 4 to 5 leaves, height 16 to 18 cm (from the top of the flower to the stem), flower bulb diameter 11.5 to 13 cm. When harvesting, avoid the high temperature period and collect the baskets and send them to the processing factory in time.