Although wild boars have strong disease resistance, they are highly susceptible to various infectious diseases of domestic pigs during large-scale rearing and artificial domestication. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the prevention and treatment of various boar diseases. This field is based on the actual situation in the region. The following epidemic prevention and control measures:
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(I) Prevention and treatment of gastroenteritis
The most common disease of wild boar is gastroenteritis caused by indigestion. If you eat too much, it will cause peptic diarrhea and affect the growth and development of wild boar.
1, to avoid feeding too much to prevent indigestion caused by overfullness. The feeding amount of boars of different ages is based on the data provided in this document and cannot be changed arbitrarily.
2, to have enough water, it is best to use automatic drinker water.
3, winter to prevent indoor humidity is too large, relative humidity between 60-65% is appropriate, especially where the wild boar sleeping place should be grass, to prevent sleeping in wetlands.
4. For diseased pigs suffering from indigestion, firstly limit the amount of feed, only one-third of the feed for a day, give enough water, after 3-4 days, return to the normal after the pig's excrement is normal. Feed amount; For pigs that can not return to normal after restrictive feeding, some gastrointestinal astringent drugs and anti-inflammatory drugs may be used, such as: mixed sense Lings intramuscular injection (according to the instructions dosage), oral streptomycin 0.5-2.0 g, one day 2 Second, other gastrointestinal anti-inflammatory drugs can also be used.
(II) Prevention and treatment of E. coli disease
The majority of wild boar colibacillosis induced this disease due to wet or unhygienic houses and too high breast milk protein. The main symptom is the excretion of the same color as the feed or similar milk-like loose feces in the early stage of disease, and the feces in the later stages become gray or grayish. Individuals turn dark brown, with stench. Individual pigs have a fever of 40-41 degrees, some infected pigs have upper respiratory tract infections or pneumonia, treatment of syndromes, prevention of colibacillosis in piglets:
1. Keep the pens dry to prevent moisture.
2. Before the nursing, you must use the disinfectant to clean the sow's udder and let the piglet suckle.
3. The sow is injected once every 20-30 days before the birth of the piglet E. coli genetic engineering K88-STI-LT8 trivalent inactivated vaccine once, and the postpartum piglet is injected once at the age of 3-5 days.
Treatment of piglet E.coli; treatment against syndromes: gastrointestinal anti-inflammatory drugs and astringent drugs are used at the same time. If the body temperature is high, antipyretics can be used at the same time. When bacillus is cultured in feces, it can be treated with antibiotics such as berberine and streptomycin sulfate. , Use according to instructions. For sick pigs without bacillus culture, reduce the amount of feed and reduce the protein content of the feed. (The original feed may not add soybean meal, add it after normal digestion), can be oral 5-10g of carbon, once a day, use Three days, in order to prevent the loss of gastrointestinal mucosa, gastrointestinal anti-inflammatory drugs can be used at the same time, such as: enteritis, clear, mixed feeling Ling Ling, etc., dosage according to instructions.
(III) Prevention and Control of Respiratory Diseases
Boar common respiratory diseases are upper respiratory tract infections and pneumonia, and toxoplasmosis, etc. If a single upper respiratory tract infection, the pig's appetite is normal, only the performance of cough, body temperature is not high, if secondary pneumonia, the sick pig breathing Difficulty, abdominal breathing, loss of appetite, fever, lying, unwilling to walk, conjunctival flushing, sometimes faecal dryness, dull hair, unsteady walking, ataxia.
Prevention: strengthen the feeding and management, eliminate the original sick pigs, and find that the sick pigs are immediately isolated to prevent the enclosures from having high humidity and low temperatures. When the stove is warmed, it can prevent carbon monoxide poisoning and maintain air circulation.
One ml of swine streptococci was inactivated by intramuscular injection of 1 ml of inactivated bivalent inactivated bacteria in piglets within 3 weeks of age, and 2 ml of inactivated swine streptococcal inactivated vaccine was injected intramuscularly in piglets over 3 weeks of age (including large pigs).
Treatment: If it is a case of diseased pigs on farms, they must be eliminated at one time, and the disease can be treated symptomatically in commercial pig farms. Such as: oxytetracycline, kanamycin, tylosin, penicillin, streptomycin, camphorsulfonic acid sodium and sulfa drugs, the sick pig must be isolated.
(D) Prevention of other diseases
1. Prevention of foot-and-mouth disease: Regardless of the size of the pigs, a foot-and-mouth disease vaccine should be given once every 4 months. Intramuscular injection of 1 ml below 25 kg and 2-3 ml over 25 kg.
2. Prevention of Swine Fever: Regardless of the size of the pig, 1 ml of the swine fever vaccine should be administered intramuscularly and inoculated twice a year in March and September each year.
3. Prevention of swine erysipelas: Regardless of the size of the pigs, oral swine erysipelas vaccine will be given once a year in March and September each year.
4. Prevention of porcine pulmonary epidemic disease: Regardless of the size of the pigs, oral vaccines for porcine pulmonary diseases should be administered once a year in March and September each year.
5. Prevention of paratyphoid in pigs: Oral paratyphoid vaccine should be given to pigs within 6 months.
Swine fever: Currently, it is the infectious disease that causes the pig industry the most. At present, there is no effective medicine treatment at home and abroad. Immediately after the diseased pig is found, harmless treatment is performed and treatment is not allowed. The emergency immunization of the same swine is to prevent the spread.
Pulmonary plague: It is caused by Pasteurella multocida infection. The main symptoms are elevated body temperature and difficulty in breathing. Most of the pigs are dog sitting postures. After the disease course is seen 2-3 days later, throat and neck swelling, nasal discharge Blood-like foam (pale red), erythema in thin skin, inflammatory edema in throat mucosa and surrounding subcutaneous tissue, swelling of tracheal and bronchial mucosa, and foamy fluid in trachea. The general course is about 7-15 days.
Treatment; clinically available penicillin, streptomycin, erythromycin, neomycin, kanamycin, gentamicin and other antibiotics and sulfa drugs treatment. 3-5 days for a course of treatment, conditional rehydration therapy. In addition to the lungs of cured pigs, other organs can be eaten.
Paratyphoid pigs: piglets within 6 months of age are susceptible to this disease, but most of them are 2-4 months old.
Symptoms: Sick pigs with a high temperature of 40-42 degrees, loss of appetite, dry nose, conjunctival flushing, sometimes vomiting, early dryness, late diarrhea, fecal odors, behind the ears, neck, abdomen and limbs The inside of the skin appears dark purple and mostly died after 4-6 days. The mortality rate was about 60%. The main lesions showed systemic septicemia. The colon and cecum showed thickening of the intestinal wall, necrosis, and ulceration. The appearance of bran was found on the surface of the cecum. Lesions; sick pigs can not eat, the body to be buried.
Treatment: The main antibiotics, such as: sulfonamides, kanamycin, Litulin, etc. for the treatment of syndrome.
(e) Prevention of swine diseases
Whether or not the wild boar can develop is closely related to the individual's natural non-specific resistance, strengthen the feeding and management of wild boars, pay attention to environmental sanitation, implement a strict veterinary hygiene system, and enhance the health of pigs and the resistance to external pathogenic factors. It is prevention. The important conditions of infectious diseases, at the same time, should also pay attention to the cleanliness of feed and drinking water, not to feed rotten, moldy and degenerate feed, the cage is often cleaned, kept clean, dry, cold and warm, summer cooling, food trough and management tools to keep clean All of these are prevention and treatment of diseases that cannot be ignored. They are also the basic conditions for guaranteeing the growth and development of pigs, robust physical strength, and strong resistance to disease.
1, group feeding
According to gender, age, and various stages of nutrition requirements determine the feeding standards and feeding methods to ensure the normal development and health of wild boar and prevent nutritional deficiency.
2, create a good growing environment
Keep the pig house clean and comfortable, with good ventilation, keep it warm and cold, prevent it from cooling, and improve feed utilization, promote the growth of wild boar and reduce the incidence of diseases.
3, do a good job in the farm environment, pig house cleaning, sanitation and disinfection, elimination of pathogens, remove the external environment transmission factors.
4. Strengthen feeding and management of lactating sows and piglets
(1) Pay attention to feeding and management of lactating sows
During the lactation period, feeds rich in nutrients, containing protein, vitamins, and inorganic salts should be given to make more and better milk and ensure the nutrition of piglets. Three to five days before weaning, the amount of concentrate and high-sugar should be gradually reduced, and mastitis should be prevented after weaning.
(2) Pay attention to the insulation, drying and hygiene of newborn piglets. As soon as possible, the piglets eat colostrum, and early colostrum can absorb more maternal antibodies to obtain passive immunity and improve the piglets' resistance to diseases.
(3) Early feeding and drinking
Early feeding can promote the activity of gastrointestinal function, not only can increase the digestive effect, but also can prevent the diarrhea of ​​the piglet. The piglets can drink clean water early in the 3-5 days old to prevent the piglet from drinking sewage or urine and cause diarrhea or other diseases. disease.
(4), supplement inorganic salt, prevention and treatment of piglets anemia.
(5) Stable feed types, regular quantitative feeding.
(6) Pay attention to feeding and management of weaned wild boars to prevent diarrhea in weaned piglets
5. Formulate a reasonable health system for epidemic prevention
(1) Choose the site and make a reasonable layout.
(2) Establish an epidemic prevention system to prevent disease from spreading.
(3) Sweeping, cleaning, sterilizing, and maintaining cleanliness.
(4) Drive mosquitoes and rodents.
(5) Pay attention to the monitoring of the epidemic situation, discover the condition in time, and take preventive measures.
6. Formulate and implement scientific immunization procedures
The immunization program is based on the immune status of the herd and the epidemic season of the epidemic, combined with the local specific epidemic. The immunization program should be based on the local epidemic, the type and nature of the disease, the antibodies of the pig and maternal antibodies. The level of the pig, the age and use of the pig, and the nature of the vaccine.
7, regularly deworming
(1) Drug selection: Antiparasitic drugs with high efficacy, safety, broad spectrum, and low side effects should be selected, and various preparations of ivermectin and avermectin are the preferred drugs.
(2) Deworming mode: Antiparasitic drugs are used for pregnant sows 20-30 days before delivery and once before mating. Boars are used at least twice a year, but in severely infected areas, medication is applied 4 to 6 times a year. Piglets are used once every 20 days and once every 80 to 90 days. The gilts were pre-medicated once, and the newly-purchased pigs were dewormed twice, separated by 10-14 days.
8, prevent poisoning
(1) Prevent nitrite poisoning
(2) Preventing Potato and Poisonous Green Feed Poisoning
(3) Prevent moldy feed poisoning
(4) To prevent feed poisoning of cakes, clams, grains and clams
(5) Prevent salt poisoning
(6) To prevent drug poisoning
(f), wild boar administration method
1, oral administration method
(1) Mixing materials
(2) Drinking water
2, drug injection method
(1) Subcutaneous injection: After the ear root or inner part of the femur, the part is sheared and disinfected. It is used for drugs and bacterins which are easy to dissolve and have no strong irritant.
(2) Intramuscular injection: rich in intramuscular blood vessels, rapid absorption of drugs, second only to intravenous injection, and less sensory nerves, so less pain, widely used in clinical; injection site in the buttocks or ears behind the four fingers The neck is either inside or outside the neck. 
