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Strengthening Spring Field Management to Ensure Rape Harvest
Since the winter, the temperature in the city has been low, coupled with more rain and snow, especially in the early period of continuous low temperature and rain, affecting the growth and development of rape. With the recent increase in temperature, rapeseed will enter the vigorous growth stage of bolting, and it is the critical period for field management. In view of the prevailing coldness of rapeseed and the yellowing of dry leaves, most of the rapeseed fields are thin, slow growing, and have different seedling conditions. In order to speed up the recovery of rapeseed, promote the transformation and upgrade of the seedlings, and reduce the impact of severe weather, try to seize This year's rapeseed harvest is now on the strengthening of the current rape field management put forward the following technical advice: First, early application of heavy budding fertilizer, promote early transformation of seedlings. The rapid growth of rape in spring is an important period for fertilizer. Rational application of bud fertilizer in advance can increase the number of branches and buds. According to the characteristics of the shortage of autumn and winter of rapeseed this year, it is necessary to apply heavyweight fertilizer early. For fields with weaker seedlings and poor growth conditions, 800-1000 kg of urea and 4-5 kg ​​of urea or 15 kg of ammonium bicarbonate will be applied to the water per acre in mid-to-late February to promote seedling development as soon as possible. Conversion. For the general or relatively good field of seedlings, the moss fertilizer should be applied late and lightly. Generally when the moss is about 10 centimeters high, 150 kilograms of manure urine and 4-5 kilograms of ammonium bicarbonate are applied to the water per acre. Prevent premature aging of de-fertilizer. Second, timely spraying boron spray. The application of boron fertilizer in rapeseed at the initial stage of bolting can effectively avoid the phenomenon of “flowering but not realism†and increase the seed setting rate. Under the condition that the base fertilizer is not applied with boron fertilizer, the effect of boron spraying outside the roots is more prominent. In the early stage of bolting, use 100 g of high-quality borax or 50 g of instant boron fertilizer (liquid boron fertilizer), spray 50 kg of water, spray twice consecutively (with interval of 7 days), and the effect is better. Normally, bolting to flowering occurs. Before (no later than the initial flowering period) spraying, spraying should be carried out when there is no wind weather in the sunny afternoon. It can be combined with the spraying of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, which is more effective for increasing the grain weight and increasing the oil content. In addition, in order to enhance the vitality of the plant roots, promote the development of the root system, increase the absorption capacity and the ability to resist waterlogging, it is possible to add 60 milliliters of American Star or Zhuang Fuxing per acre for foliar spray. Third, clean up the "three ditch" to prevent waterlogging. Spring rain increases, rape fields are vulnerable to waterlogging, and lightly affect the respiration and absorption capacity of rapeseed roots, and in turn cause rotten rot of rapeseed roots and aggravate sclerotia. It is necessary to promptly clean up the "three channels", reduce the groundwater level and the humidity in the field, promote the growth of rapeseed roots, enhance the plant's resistance to stress, reduce the risk of sclerotinia, and promote the growth of rapeseed. Fourth, early control of field weeds, timely prevention and treatment of rape sclerotinia. The first is to remove rapeseed fields that are seriously affected by weeds. Controlling grassy weeds with 10.8% high-efficiency flupirtine (high-efficiency herb) and 20-25 ml per acre, or 5% quizaloxal (gravitropin) 50 ml per acre; Weeds use 50% grass weeding agent (Gotke) suspension agent 30-35 ml per acre; control grass and broad-leaved mixed weeds use 5% quizaloxoprene (fine grass g) 50 ml Plus 50% grass removal Ling (Gotke) suspension agent 30 ~ 35 ml, manual sprayer watered 40 kg (motorized sprayer watered 15 kg) stems and leaves uniform spray. When carrying out the above prevention, it must be completed by the end of February. The second is to focus on prevention and treatment of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, which is the key to the rape harvest. When the flowering rate of the main stem of rapeseed is 95-100%, use 25% prochloraz 50ml or 40% sclerotin net 100g/mu, and the manual sprayer sprays 45kg water (motorized sprayer on water 15kg) evenly. Spray once a week after spraying once to ensure the control effect.