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Feeding and management of rare wild fowl mallards
The mallard is a new species of the special waterfowl industry cultivated by the wild mallards after artificial domestication and breeding or hybridization. In recent years, China has successively introduced several batches of mallards from Germany and the United States to breed, raise, and promote them, which has become a new project for the development of special poultry breeding in various parts of China. In the eastern part of China, a breeding breeding base for Mallards has been formed. With the continuous expansion of the mallard market and people's further acceptance of Mallards, Mallards are not only well sold in the domestic market, but also in Hong Kong, Macau and Japan. , a new hot spot in European and other international markets. The mallard has four major characteristics: first, it is extremely resistant to disease, and second, it has a wide range of food habits. Rice, corn, wheat, bran, dried cakes, fish meal, silkworm cocoons and roughage, and fresh live animals are all very fond of food. Third, the growth is extremely fast. The mallard meat can be put on the market for sale up to 70 days of age. Fourth, it is rich in nutrients. It has less fat, high lean meat, fresh meat, and rich wild flavor. It is a good food tonic. . Therefore, active domesticated mallards have a wide market, high returns, and attractive prospects. Creating a Wild Environment Construction of wild duck farms must meet the wild habits of wild ducks. Half of the building should be used as a lounge, half as an open-air venue, and the venue should be a pond or artificial pool. Some trees and grasses can be planted on the activity field, and algae can be cultivated in the pond. If the breeding method is combined, the farm must be built in areas where the rivers, lakes, etc. are open and the vegetation is lush. At the same time, a fence and skynet should be built. Skynet is about 2 meters high from the surface of the water or the ground. It is surrounded by a fence to the bottom of the water. It forms a closed body with Skynet to prevent wild ducks from fleeing. Skynet and fence holes are 33 centimeters, either nylon mesh or rope mesh. General breeding area for every 100 ducks: 1 to 30 days of age, 5 to 7 square meters, 10 square meters of playing field, 10 square meters of water area, 31 days to 70 days of age, 10 square meters~ 15 square meters, sports ground 20 square meters, water field 15 square meters; 71 days old and above 15 square meters to 20 square meters, sports ground 20 square meters, water area 15 square meters. The feed requirements of common feed mallard ducks are basically the same as that of domestic ducks. Under normal circumstances, it is also possible to feed special full-grain pellet feeds for domestic ducks. For example, self-prepared compound feeds can be formulated as follows: 0 days to 30 days old formula: corn 47.3%, wheat 15%, wheat bran 10%, bean cake 22%, fishmeal 4%, shell powder 1.5%, salt 0.2%; 31 days old Formula for ~70 days: corn 40.8%, wheat 14.5%, rice bran 17.5%, rice 8%, bean cake 13.7%, fishmeal 4%, bone meal 1%, salt 0.2%. The above two formulas need to be mixed with poultry vitamins and microelement additives and fully mixed according to the instructions. Zheng Weijun (to be continued) Feeding management and brooding ducks (1 day to 30 days old) 1. Temperature control. 1 day to 3 days 27°C to 29°C, 4 days to 6 days 25°C to 26°C, 7 days to 10 days 24°C to 25°C, 11 days to 20 days 17°C to 19 °C. Flat brooding, the floor should be covered with soft straw, and separate small columns, about 2 square meters per column, the bar installed a heat lamp. There are 50 to 70 ducklings per bar in 7 days. As ducklings sleep and get together, they must be on duty day and night. They should be hand-picked once every 1 hour to prevent suffocation. Adjust density after one week. 2. Open food. Drink water first, then add appropriate amount of complex vitamin B agent to drinking water. There must be sufficient drinking fountains to provide enough clean water. Do not cut off water. The number of feedings is usually 7 times a day for 10 days and 4 times to 5 times a day after 10 days. Breeding ducks (31 days to 70 days) breeding density of 10 to 15 per square meter is appropriate. After 50 days began to fly, pay attention to flight to escape. You can also arrange to put water after feeding, put a few large basins in the house, and have the conditions to work in the sports field. Generally 9 weeks old, each weighing 1167.1 grams, consumes 3120 grams. After 70 days of breeding ducks, male and female ducks are selected in a ratio of 1:4 to 6, and the selected female ducks must have small heads, long necks, and large eyes. The male ducks should be large, robust, and flexible. The feed can be ducks or ducks. Full-price feed, at the same time pay attention to the ratio of calcium to phosphorus, pay attention to protein content and feeding times at the peak of egg production. During the laying period, some nests can be artificially made on the ground, and some soft straw can be used to help lay the eggs. Disease prevention and control of the disease is mainly prevention. It is inappropriate to keep other poultry inside and outside the duck farm, and moldy feed and moldy weeds are prohibited to prevent mold poisoning. Commonly used andrographolide, honeysuckle and other soup mixed feeding, can reduce the incidence of ducks, but also to do cleaning and disinfection work within the house, to maintain ventilation and light inside the house. The immune injection should be avoided during the peak period of egg production. One-month-old ducklings can be injected once with duck plague vaccine; ducks are given duck quail vaccine every spring and autumn. One-month-old ducklings are susceptible to cholera, and each duckling is injected with 2 ml of cholera attenuated vaccine before the peak of egg production. If cholera occurs, use 50,000 units of penicillin and 50,000 units of streptomycin in time. Mixed intramuscular injection twice a day; for example, 1 kilo of Andrographis paniculata for drinking 500 ducks, there are good results. Aspergillus disease is prone to occur in spring and autumn. Each duckling can be given orally nystatin 3 mg to 5 mg, and 0.1% copper sulfate solution is used as drinking water, which has a good effect.