According to the regional characteristics of agricultural production, research and development of fertilizers for improving water use, fertilizers with high utilization, fertilizers for improving soil structure, fertilizers suitable for the characteristics of fine varieties, fertilizers for improving quality, fertilizers for improving lodging resistance of crops, and weed control Fertilizers, pest-resistant fertilizers, organic nutrient fertilizers, and fertilizing materials are the key areas for the development and research of new types of fertilizers: 1) Development of fertilizers that promote the development of crops in fine depth, adapting to arid and semi-arid regions. Needs for crop production; 2) Develop robust upright lodging-resistant fertilizers; 3) Environmentally friendly fertilizers that replace organic insecticides with nutrients; 4) Develop fertigation with water-soluble phosphate fertilizers Fertilizers for phosphorus sources; 5) Water-retaining fertilizers. China's new fertilizer development strategy, direction and goals Fertilizer Industry Development Strategy 1. It is predicted that China’s demand for chemical fertilizer will be 68 million tons in 2030, which is an increase of 26.5 million tons of chemical fertilizer supply each year. The state needs to increase investment by about 150 billion yuan, and consume more than US$1.5 billion in foreign exchange annually. Farmers need to increase 100 billion yuan in purchasing fertilizer. Yuan expenses, social and economic costs are enormous. It is difficult to achieve an average fertilization level of 680 kg/hm2 for 100 million hectares of cultivated land in the country in 2030, and it is also unacceptable for the soil and the environment. By 2030, China's economy will be at the level of large and medium-developed countries. The focus of the study should be on how to increase the efficiency of fertilizers rather than continuing to substantially increase the level of fertilizers. Therefore, to update concepts and break through traditions, we will strive to implement a qualitative alternative to quantitative development strategy for the fertilizer industry in China in the next 30 years. We will strive to control the supply of fertilizer within 50 million tons and develop new fertilizers without increasing or slightly increasing the amount of chemical fertilizers. Next, we will ensure China’s food security by improving efficiency. 2. Technical problems and development goals in the development of new fertilizers Controlled-release fertilizers, microbial fertilizers, commodity organic fertilizers, and multi-functional fertilizers are the hotspots for the research and development of new-type fertilizers in the world and in the future, representing the research and development direction of new-type fertilizers. In general, the research and development of new fertilizers in China, compared with developed countries, have weak basic research, and key technologies such as materials, processes, and equipment have not made major breakthroughs as a whole and industrial technology platforms with independent intellectual property rights have not yet been established. Low level of technology. We will strengthen basic and applied basic research, focus on breakthroughs in key technologies that limit the development of industrialization, build industrialized platform technologies with independent intellectual property rights, and promote industrialization. This is the goal of new types of fertilizer development in China at present and in the future. 3, slow / controlled release fertilizer The problems are: 1) Controlled release material innovation lags behind. The quality and price of controlled-release fertilizers depend critically on the innovation of controlled release materials. Japan's breakthrough in controlled-release fertilizer research is due to innovations in coated materials. Although China's controlled release material research has its own characteristics, it is basically drawing lessons from the experience of developed countries. In the areas of materials such as coating materials, cement materials, and enzyme inhibitors, no major breakthroughs have been made, and the development of accelerated controlled release materials is a new type of development. Sustained and controlled release fertilizers. 2) The key technology is weak. China's controlled-release fertilizer research started late and began to participate in the chemical industry. Key technologies mainly learn from Japan and other foreign experiences. Although in recent years, the National 863 Program and so on have all ended up eating controlled-release fertilizers, scientists have conducted a large number of unique studies on materials, controlled-release techniques, and processes in light of national conditions. However, major key technologies still require further research. breakthrough. 3) The process equipment is not matched. The degree of industrialization is not high. China's resin-coated fertilizers draw on Japan's technology for digestion, absorption, and development in materials, processes, and equipment, and have made some progress. However, there are still gaps in production scale and product quality. Nutrient material wrapping technology and equipment are original in China, but the cost of materials and technology is still high, yet it needs further improvement. Other matrix compounding and cementation equipments are still in the stage of small-scale trial and pilot-scale, and there is still a long way to go before large-scale industrialization. As a whole, China's controlled-release fertilizer processes and equipment still belong to workshop-style production and require large-scale technological advancement. 4) Basic application research and quality standards are basically blank. China's controlled-release fertilizers' practical technology research and quality evaluation are subject to the constraints of the entire industrialization level and are still very weak. In a word, China's controlled-release fertilizer research is due to weak key technologies and unmatched process equipment, which forms an innovative technology platform with independent intellectual property rights, which leads to a low level of industrialization, high product prices, and low yields. Development ideas and goals: In the near future and in the coming period, the research and development of Chinese slow/controlled release fertilizers should focus on solving the key technologies of price, industrialization, platform technology, process equipment, industrialization platform, talent team, farmers’ understanding, practical technology, Evaluation methods and other major issues. The agricultural scientific research department, chemical industry, and enterprise linkages will strive to overcome key technologies during the Tenth Five-Year Plan period; build industrialization platform technology in the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan†and make breakthroughs in industrialization; “Twelfth Five-Year Plan†full realization of industrialization, controlled-release fertilizer Recognized and accepted by the majority of farmers, it has a place in the fertilizer market in China. 4. There are problems with microbial fertilizers: 1) Basic and applied basic research is seriously lagging behind. The mechanism of microbial fertilizers, the constraining factors and mechanism of the effects are backward, the means of screening and constructing high-efficiency microbial fertilizer strains are backward, the fertilizer strains are lacking in innovation, microbial strains used are narrow in species and species, carrier, process, fermentation conditions, and more The basic research in the key technology fields such as functional bacterial group combination is backward, and it is now treating the development of the microbial fertilizer industry in China. 2) The scale of industrialization is small, product quality is uneven, and the market is chaotic. Quality standards and quality inspection techniques need to be improved. From the perspective of China's overall microbial fertilizer, there is still a distance from the standardization of production, enterprise management, legalization of management, integration of production and sales, and commercialization of products, as well as certain output scales and production groups, etc.; the microbial fertilizer market is still relatively confusing and industry management. To be further regulated; product standards research lags behind, the level of quality inspection needs to be improved, there is no advanced, rapid, accurate quality inspection technology system, the current detection of products mainly rely on conventional technology. Development Ideas and Objectives: Basic and applied basic research of microbial fertilizers should be strengthened. Within the next 5 to 10 years, the key to breakthroughs in bacterial species construction techniques and strain combination techniques are to obtain independent intellectual property rights in terms of carriers, dosage forms, fermentation processes, and equipment. Key technologies. Broaden product areas, develop a number of new types of microbial fertilizer products; strengthen quality standards and inspection technology research, and form an advanced, rapid and accurate quality inspection technology system for microbial fertilizers, which is the healthy development of China's microbial fertilizer industry. 5. The problems with commercial organic fertilizers are: 1) The research on rapid fermentation technology lags behind. China has not made breakthroughs in key technologies for high-temperature rapid fermentation of biological agents, development of bio-chemical-physical continuous rapid fermentation systems, rapid and efficient deodorization technologies, rapid continuous fermentation processes, and equipment support, mainly through the introduction or reference of foreign technologies. Lack of key technologies with intellectual property rights. The introduction of foreign technology has high fermentation costs and poor practicality in the country. 2) The key technologies for fertilizer production need to be broken. Fermentation materials made of commercial organic fertilizer product formulations, biological organic fertilizer production, organic and inorganic compatibility, organic compound slow-release fertilizer production, granulation adhesive technology, and process equipment technology, etc. need to be a breakthrough. Development ideas and goals: In the next 5 to 10 years, strengthen basic research in the field of rapid fermentation and deodorization of organic materials; establish a high-speed continuous rapid fermentation system for organic materials with independent intellectual property rights in China; carry out key technologies for the industrialization of commercial organic fertilizers, Build a technical platform for the industrialization of commodity organic fertilizer in China; promote the industrialization of commodity organic fertilizer in China and realize the upgrading of traditional organic fertilizer products. 6, new functional fertilizer Research in this area has just started and there are still many technical problems. The focus of future research should be on basic and applied basic research. In 5 to 10 years, breakthrough in key technologies, preliminary establishment of an industrialization platform, and industrialization in certain areas. The areas that will focus on strengthening research include: functional fertilizers that promote the development of crop roots to the public's depth, fertilizers that resist standing-down of crop erection, organic-friendly fertilizers that use inorganic nutrients instead of organic insecticides (bacteria), and non-water-soluble fertilizers. Phosphatic fertilizers provide fertilizers for fertigation and fertilizers, and water-retaining fertilizers. 1. Slow/controlled release fertilizer Responsible for China's controlled-release materials lagging behind in innovation, weak product technology, Red’s lack of equipment, difficulty in industrialization, lack of high-tech reserves, and gaps in quality standards and other key issues. Major breakthroughs in the development of materials, process equipment, technical quality standards for production and use, new types of fertilizers in pilot plants, industrialization, and other key issues have focused on breakthroughs. We have developed new types of slow/controlled release fertilizers with Chinese characteristics that are environmentally friendly, efficient, and indispensable. Technical platform: Cultivating a multidisciplinary team that combines application foundation and engineering technology to accelerate the modernization of the fertilizer industry in China and provide technical support for safe production of agricultural products and improving the international competitiveness of agricultural products in China. Research has been carried out at three levels: frontier technology, major key technologies, and pilot and industrialization. The leading edge technology is mainly research and development of new controlled release materials. Highlights include high-altitude performance nutritional coating materials, new materials for controlled release of organic polymers, new controlled release materials for industrial and agricultural waste, organic-inorganically controlled release materials, and the research and development of novel enzyme controlled release agents. Major key technologies are mainly new-type controlled-release fertilizer production process equipment and key technologies for industrialization. The key issues include the production technology and industrialization technology of nutrient-encapsulated controlled-release fertilizers, high-polymer thin-controlled release fertilizer production technologies and industrialization technologies. Matrix composite and cemented controlled-release fertilizer technology and industrialization technology, chemical inhibitor-controlled release fertilizer technology and industrial technology, slightly soluble slow-release fertilizer production technology and industrialization technology, and controlled release fertilizer practical technology, production technology scale, product quality Standard system and evaluation agency. 2, microbial fertilizer Aiming at the lagging behind of China's basic research on microbial fertilizers and applied basic research, small scale of industrialization, poor product quality, imperfect quality standards and quality inspection techniques, etc., in the construction of bacterial species, combinatorial technology, carriers, dosage forms, fermentation processes, Breakthroughs have been made in key technologies such as equipment, quality control, and monitoring technologies; the product field has been broadened to develop a new batch of microbiological fertilizer products; to build a technical platform for the industrialization of microbial fertilizers in China; to cultivate a microbiological fertilizer research and development team to promote microbiology in China. Research on the modernization of the fertilizer industry is carried out at three levels: cutting-edge technology, major key technologies, and pilot and industrialization. The cutting-edge technology is mainly the selection and construction of high-efficiency microbial fertilizers, focusing on the research of nitrogen-fixing, stress-resisting, and high-competitive nodule strains, research on new-type stress-resistant PGPR strains, anti-dissolution phosphorus, potassium decomposing, pesticide degradation, and crop straws. Researches on functional strains such as decomposition, combination of combined bacteria and fermentation technology, research on novel microbial fertilizer carriers, formulations, adhesives, and quality standards for microbial fertilizers and efficient, rapid, and accurate detection studies. Major key technologies are mainly new microbiological fertilizer production processes and key technologies for industrialization. The key include new high-efficiency nitrogen-fixing, reversible, and high-competitive rhizobia fertilizer production processes and industrialization technologies, rhizobia+PGPR production processes and industrialization technologies. Highly effective anti-dissolving phosphorus, potassium decomposing, degrading pesticides, disease prevention and other functional microbial fertilizer production process industrialization technology, efficient, rapid crop straw compost production process and industrial technology, as well as microbial fertilizer application technology and evaluation research. Pilot trials and demonstrations of industrialization will focus on pilot testing and industrialization demonstration of key products and promote the conversion of technology into productivity. 3, commercial organic fertilizer For the production of commodity organic fertilizers in China, problems such as the lag in rapid fermentation technology research, the development of fertilizers, and the backwardness of key technologies such as equipment have led to the rapid delivery of fermented biological agents at high temperatures, biological ski-incompetent rapid integrated fermentation technologies, and rapid and efficient deodorization technologies. Technological breakthroughs have been made in such areas as rapid and continuous fermentation process equipment, and commercial organic fertilizer production process equipment, and a production technology platform for commodity organic fertilizers has been built in China to promote the upgrading of traditional organic fertilizer products in China and promote the industrialization of organic fertilizers. The frontier technology is mainly the rapid fermentation of organic materials. Including research on rapid fermentation of organic materials and related materials; research on rapid dehydration technology of high-humidity materials; research on organic matter fermentation and deodorization technology; research on organic matter fermentation and nutrient preservation technology; research on process and equipment for high temperature continuous aerobic rapid fermentation of organic materials. Major key technologies are mainly the production technology and commercialization of commodity organic fertilizers. Including organic fertilizer granulation binder and fertilizer granulation technology, production of slow-release fertilizer organic fermentation technology and industrial technology, as well as commercial organic fertilizer application technology and evaluation research. Pilot trials and demonstrations of industrialization will focus on pilot testing and industrialization demonstration of key products and promote the conversion of technology into productivity. 4, new functional fertilizer The research of new functional fertilizers has just started in our country. Combined with national conditions, the key research areas include the research and industrialization of water-retaining multifunctional fertilizers, the regulation of the deep development of crop roots, the enhancement of the lodging-reducing fertilizer research and industrialization, and the replacement of organic nutrients with inorganic nutrients. The environment of insect (bacteria) agents is good for the research and industrialization of fertilizers; the research and industrialization of the use of non-water-soluble phosphate fertilizers to provide phosphorus sources for fertigation; the research and industrialization of herbicide-type fertilizers and the research and industrialization of improved crop quality fertilizers. 5. Development of strategic measures and policy recommendations Promoting the development of new fertilizer research and industrialization is a systematic project that requires the joint efforts of scientists and the fertilizer industry. It also requires the promotion of the country’s policies. Recommendations: 1) Increase investment in new fertilizer research, improve research and development conditions, and expand the R&D team; 2) Provide preferential support for investment in new fertilizers industry, credit, etc.; 3) The state invests in and constructs a number of new high-tech fertilizer demonstration enterprises; 4) Established the National New Fertilizer R&D Engineering Technology Center. Agrostis Stolonifera,Astragalus Sinicus,Vicia Villosa,Agropyron Cristatum Chengdu Lv Mu Tian Xia Agricultural Technology Co. LTD , http://www.cdlmtx.com
"Eleventh Five-Year" Key Fields of China's New Fertilizer Development