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(II) Cultivation techniques
1. Sexual propagation of Platycodon grandiflora is dominated by seed reproduction, and the quality of seeds has a great influence on the yield. Therefore, we must use high-yielding plants to keep seed and leave the seedlings in late August to remove the inflorescences on the side branches so that the nutrient concentrates supply the development of the fruit in the upper middle region, which promotes fullness of seeds and improves seed quality. During the September-October period, the whole plant was cut when the pods turned yellow, and they were allowed to ripen in a ventilated and dry place for 2-3 days, then dried and threshed and put to use. Usually live broadcast, seedling transplanting, live broadcast production is higher than transplanting, and the fork root is small and the quality is good. It can be broadcast in autumn, winter or spring so as to be best for autumn. The spring sowing is suitable for soaking in warm and soaking seeds. The seedlings can be emerged earlier. The seeds are placed in warm water of about 50° C., then stirred until the water is cool, and then soaked for 8 hours. The seeds are wrapped with a damp cloth and placed at 25 -30° C. Wet sacks are covered well and washed once in the morning and evening with warm water for about 4-5 days. Seeds can be sown when germinating. Seeding method: Daejeon production site should choose sunny soil, deep, loose and fertile, well-drained sandy loam, apply 2500 kilograms of acre per acre or add 30 kg of phosphorus, and sow in the fields, deep plowing, fine rake, leveling, 1.3-1.7 meters wide. Then by 20-25 centimeters of the way to open about 5 cm deep ditch, the seeds evenly sowed in the ditch, because the seed is small, sowing 1:10 fine sand and seeds can be mixed after sowing, broadcast after the cover soil or fire ash The drought area should be watered and moistened after sowing. Use 500-750 grams per acre. During the emergence, we must pay attention to loose soil weeding, when the seedling height of about 2 cm when the seedlings, seedlings 4-5 cm high Dingmiao, according to the spacing of 10-12 cm to retain a strong seedlings, seedlings thin or cut off the place should be cloudy Bring up seedlings. After the application of rare people livestock manure water, 1200 kilograms per acre, after the application of cover, from June to July and then chase once again and earth, to prevent lodging. The second year of spring returning to the post-emergence and the flowering before the application of human and animal manure water, 1500 per acre or a urea 5-10 kg, applied after the cover. In addition, weeding and weeding are often required. It is usually harvested at the end of the second or third year after sowing or before sprouting in early spring.
2. It is better to prevent the Campanulaceae radix platycodonbata products from being straight, solid, and with less roots. The cultivated Campanulaceae often has a large number of roots, both bifurcated and trifurcated. Some of the main roots are less than 3 cm thick, and lateral roots and branching roots are 3 or 4. Greatly affect the quality and reduce the price of goods. It is generally believed that transplanted Campanulaceae is easy to form roots, but according to Mr. Li Daoji's observation, whether it is a live or transplanted Campanulaceae, if a plant has multiple roots, the growth of the roots will be affected. In contrast, one plant and one plant have no roots or roots. It appears that the solution to the root problem of Kikyo is very simple. As long as the cultivated Campanulaceae reaches one plant and one plantlet, there will be no (or less) roots and roots. Therefore, we should eliminate any excess signs at any time, especially in the second year of spring returning to green when the most vulnerable to multi-seedling. At this time we must pay special attention to remove excess seedlings and maintain a single seedling. Simultaneous application of phosphate fertilizer, less application of potash fertilizer, prevent some of the above ground leggy, if necessary, topping, reduce nutrient consumption, and promote the normal growth of the roots.
3. Flower picking to green bulbs has a longer flowering period and more flowering. The growth and development of flowers and fruits will consume a lot of nutrients. Picking flowers and removing sounds can reduce the consumption of nutrients, so that concentrated nutrition for the growth of underground roots is an effective measure to increase production. The species of Platycodon grandiflorum that are not retained must be sown early. In general, the flower buds should be removed promptly during the budding stage. The sooner the better, the more fruitful afterwards and the less effective.
4. The second and third harvests were made after harvesting. At present, Hebei, Shandong and Other provinces can also be harvested for one year. Harvest before spring or late in the spring, go to net stems, leaves, mud, scrape off the skin with bowls or bamboo pieces, scrape the skin to fresh, it is best to carry it back after a long time, the root bark is difficult to peel, root bark Scrape the net, dry faster, then wash and dry, remove the reed head, run through the slices and dry it for use. At present, Korean merchants purchase fresh bellflowers in China at a rate of RMB 4 per kilogram. They are mainly used to make certain ones, and they are used in great quantities.
Campanulaceae planting techniques
(A) Overview Aliased flowers and bells are perennial herbaceous plants of the Campanulaceae family. They are rooted in humans, they have Xuanfei, cold, nuclear, and pus. They are wild on the slopes and in the middle of the grass. sunlight. The soil used for the cultivation of Platycodon grandiflorum is mostly sandy loam, clay loam and humus loam. Soil bogey water, excessive soil moisture, roots perishable. The Campanulaceae is afraid of wind damage. Planting in windy areas should pay attention to preventing wind damage and avoid lodging. China's north and south provinces have production.