With the implementation of the agricultural machinery purchase subsidy policy, the number of agricultural machinery has grown rapidly, especially the number of rice combine harvesters has doubled. The total loss rate of grain during operation of the rice combine harvester has a specified index, generally less than 3% to 3.5%. However, in actual use, due to improper operation of the operator and improper adjustment of the harvester technology, the total loss rate of the grain will increase. Reducing the grain loss during the operation of the rice combine harvester is not only an urgent demand from the farmers, but also a harvester's job to improve the quality of the harvest and the duties to be fulfilled. To reduce the loss of grain during the operation of the rice combine harvester, the following measures should be taken for the self-propelled self-propelled rice combine harvester in terms of installation, adjustment, and operation techniques.

First, correct technical adjustment

1. Install the divider correctly. The division is the first process of harvester operation, and the quality of the division directly affects the subsequent operation process and grain loss. To this end, the installation and adjustment of the divider must ensure that the centerline of the divider is perpendicular to the movable arbor of the header, and the height of the divider is the same as the height of the cutter; if the divider is deformed, it should be corrected in time to avoid missing , oblique cutting caused rice loss.

2. Correctly adjust the reel. When the height of the reel is the reel and the tooth is turned to the lowest position, it should be applied to the upper two-thirds of the crop cutting position. Too high to hit the rice panicle, too low to hang the stem on the dial. The front and rear positions of the reel should be adjusted until the cutting table is in the cutting position. The position of the reel shaft should be right above the cutter.

3. Correctly adjust the inclination of the reel plate to reduce the loss of the belt. When harvesting erect or slightly lodging rice, the reel should be vertically downwards, which reduces the contact between the reel and the rice head and reduces grain loss. When harvesting the fallen rice, the reel is tilted backwards and the technical measures to reduce the loss of grain in the rice combine harvester are used to reduce and retract the reel.

4. Correctly adjust the eccentric position of the telescopic rod to prevent grain loss caused by the header feeding the grass. When the telescopic rod is extended, the gap with the bottom of the header is 5 to 10 mm; when retracting, the direction of the passive wheel of the intermediate conveyor should be reduced to the outer circumference of the auger cylinder.

5. Reasonably install the number of barrel rollers, clean the screen in time, and reduce the loss of grain in the grass. Under the premise of satisfying the clean threshing of rice, the roller rack should be minimized. Harvesting rice and installing 3 racks can meet the needs of threshing; if you are harvesting japonica, difficult to take off crops or harvesting crops with high humidity, you can install 4 or 6 racks, each installed at 90° or 60°. In the operation, if there is grain loss in the discharged straw, stop the engine (burnout) to clean the straw and debris on the screen to reduce grain loss.

6. Correctly adjust the fan speed, the amplitude of the vibrating screen and the adjustment plate position of the exhaust port to reduce the cleaning loss. When harvesting rice, when the grain is blown out, the fan speed should be lower. When harvesting late japonica rice, the amplitude of the vibrating screen can be appropriately adjusted due to the large amount of clearing. When harvesting japonica rice or selecting a small amount of grain, the amplitude is appropriately reduced to reduce the throwing loss. The adjustment of the position of the adjusting plate, the steeper the position of the adjusting plate, the less the grain loss is blown, but the grain impurity content will increase; the flatter the position of the adjusting plate, the grain cleanliness will be improved, but the cleaning loss will also increase. . Therefore, adjustments should be made according to actual conditions during the operation.

Second, the correct operation

1. When the harvester is under the field, the field should be manually cut out in the right corner of the field (2m × 4m) to avoid grain loss.

2. Open the cutting lane correctly. A row should be cut along the right side of the field. Then, two or three times of reversing will be used to advance the straight oblique cutting method. After the corner cutting is opened, the straight line will be harvested.

3. Try to take a straight line when harvesting, avoid turning while harvesting, overwhelm the rice, causing grain loss.

4. In the operation of the harvester, medium and large throttle should be used. When the harvester moves to the field or leaves the cutting area, it should continue to maintain the Zhongda throttle and run for about 30s to ensure that the rice in the machine is cleaned and cleaned, reducing grain loss.

5. Move first and then go. When the harvester is working, first combine the working clutch to make the cutting table cutter, conveying device, threshing, cleaning and other working parts run first, reach the rated working speed, and then drive the harvester to walk the harvesting operation, thus preventing the cutter from being stalked by the rice stem The rod bites and reduces grain waste.

6. Get wet and dry. In the morning, the dew is big and the rice is damp. Generally, it is about to wait until around 9 am, the dew is dry, and then the harvester is harvested. If there is water in the rice field, you should drain the water a few days in advance, and dry the field (people step on it, no footprints), which can improve the working efficiency, avoid the blockage of the working parts of the harvester and reduce the waste of rice.

7. Reasonably master the speed. The working speed of the harvester is directly related to the efficiency and quality of the operation. If the rice yield is above 500kg/mu, the I file can be used. If the rice yield is 400-500kg/mu, the second gear can be used; if the rice yield is below 400kg/mu, Available in III gear. This can improve work efficiency, prevent jamming of the harvester, and reduce rice waste.

8. Minimize the stoppage in the middle of the harvesting operation. In case of faulty parking, the harvester power should be cut off in time to reduce the loss of the reel.

9. When removing the blockage fault, the blocked rice crop should be recovered and re-feeded into threshing and cleaning to reduce losses.

10. The grain handler should pay attention to avoiding the waste, such as leakage, throwing and scattering during the process of picking up and discharging.