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Carrots must be high-yield to catch eight points
Carrots are a nutritious and versatile vegetable that can be grown successfully with proper planning and care. Here’s a detailed guide to help you grow high-quality carrots:
1. **Choose the Right Variety**
Selecting the right carrot variety is crucial for successful growth. Look for red carrots with a good root shape, high quality, and strong growth potential. Popular options include Five-Inch Summer, Three-Inch Yantai, Five-Inch Red Radish, and Japanese Black Five-Inch local varieties. These varieties are known for their excellent flavor, texture, and yield.
2. **Select the Growing Area**
Carrots thrive in well-drained sandy loam soil that is deep, loose, and easy to till. The area should allow for proper root development and have access to irrigation. Ideal previous crops include cucumbers, tomatoes, onions, garlic, and wheat. Carrots can also be intercropped with tall plants like corn, which provide shade and help regulate field temperature, promoting better root growth.
3. **Soil Preparation**
Carrot roots grow deep, so it's important to prepare the soil thoroughly. Plow the land to a depth of more than 30 cm and let it dry in the sun for 10–15 days. Since carrots require a lot of nutrients, add 3,000–5,000 kg of well-rotted organic manure, 7.5–10 kg of nitrogen fertilizer, 50 kg of wood ash, or 20 kg of potassium sulfate during plowing. Ensure the base fertilizer is evenly distributed to prevent forked roots.
4. **Create Raised Beds**
After plowing and drying the soil, break it into fine particles and level the ground. You can either plant on flat ground or raised beds, depending on your local climate and rainfall. If using raised beds, make them about 20 cm apart, 50–70 cm wide, and 10–15 cm high to improve drainage and root development.
5. **Sow Seeds Carefully**
Carrot seeds have a low germination rate and are difficult to emerge. Before sowing, select fresh seeds and dry them for 1–2 days. Remove the bristles, then soak them for 4–8 hours. Mix the soaked seeds with fine sand or wood ash before planting. Sow at a depth of 1–1.5 cm. Germination typically takes 6–10 days. To protect young seedlings from heat, mix 2% Chinese cabbage seeds with the carrot seeds; the cabbage will provide early shade.
6. **Weeding and Thinning**
Once the seedlings have 1–2 true leaves, thin them to 3 cm apart. Later, when they have 3–4 true leaves, thin again to 10 cm for small and medium varieties, and 13–15 cm for large ones. Regular weeding and cultivation are essential to ensure healthy growth. In addition to manual weeding, herbicides can be used if necessary.
7. **Water Properly**
During the sprouting stage, water the seeds 2–3 times to keep the soil moist and promote germination. After the "fixation period," when the root starts growing rapidly, maintain consistent moisture. Insufficient water can cause corky tissue and excessive lateral roots, while sudden drought followed by overwatering may lead to cracked roots and lower quality. Stop watering one half of the harvest period to improve storage quality.
8. **Pest and Disease Control**
Common diseases include black spot, black rot, and soft rot. Spray 75% chlorothalonil at 600 times dilution or 70% mancozeb at 600 times every 7–10 days, repeating 2–3 times as needed. For pests like the carrot root nematode, use 40% dimethoate at 1,000 times dilution to control infestations effectively.
By following these steps, you can ensure healthy, high-quality carrot growth throughout the season. Whether you're a beginner or an experienced grower, careful attention to each stage of the process will greatly enhance your success.