Cucumber is a kind of vegetable that many people like to eat. Nowadays, the cultivation of greenhouse cucumber is more and more common, but cucumber is easy to be affected by pests and diseases during the planting process, which seriously affects the quality and yield of cucumber and benefits farmers. The impact is also great. Prevention and control of cucumber pests and diseases in greenhouses is of great significance to cucumber growers. 1 Characteristics of cucumber disease and insect pests in greenhouse The growth of plants is closely related to the surrounding environment. When the surrounding environment changes, the plants have different degrees of influence. When the surrounding environment is attacked by certain organisms, it will affect the plants, and in severe cases, the plants will die. Planting crops in greenhouses is prone to pests and diseases. Currently, cucumbers have fewer resistant varieties, which is why cucumbers in greenhouses are more susceptible to pests and diseases than traditional methods of planting. And once pests and diseases occur, they are easy to spread, and the speed of transmission is fast, which will soon cause the infection of cucumbers in the whole greenhouse, so the damage is huge. At present, common pests and diseases include: aphids, aphids, blight, anthracnose, and viral diseases. The principle of prevention and control is: prevention-oriented, prevention and treatment. 2 greenhouse cucumber pest prevention technology For the prevention of greenhouse cucumber pests and diseases, it is mainly necessary to make a choice of melon seeds before the occurrence of pests and diseases. Before the sowing, do a good job of fertilizing and managing the soil in the early stage to provide a good environment for the healthy growth of cucumber. 2.1 Selection of cucumber varieties Breeding resistant varieties is an effective means to prevent the occurrence of pests and diseases. When selecting cucumber varieties, it is necessary to select varieties with disease resistance, early maturity and many results to ensure the quality and yield of cucumber. At the same time of selection, it is necessary to combine the climate and soil conditions of the planting area, and select the corresponding disease-resistant varieties according to the different pests in different areas. Only in this way can we better prevent pests. 2.2 Do a good job of disinfection (1) Disinfection in the greenhouse: Generally, the cucumbers grown in the greenhouse are pulled in July. After pulling, the cornices are covered with a shed film to facilitate the high temperature shack. At high temperatures, they can act as spores and eggs in the greenhouse. The killing effect, so that the initial disinfection of the greenhouse in the early stage of planting, thereby reducing the risk of pests and diseases in the growing season. (2) Soil disinfection: There are some germs on the seeds of the crops. The seeds of cucumbers are no exception. Therefore, the germs on the seeds should be removed during sowing to reduce the incidence of cucumber infestation. Before seed seedlings, the seeds should be air-dried and soaked. Commonly used bactericidal soaking drugs: Formalin 300 times solution soak for 1.5 hours, after soaking, rinse with clean water, and then sow, which can prevent cucumber wilt and early blight. (3) Disinfection of greenhouse management personnel: Farmers should often enter and exit the greenhouse from sowing to harvesting cucumbers. There are many pests and diseases on the body. Therefore, disinfection of greenhouse management personnel is of great significance for reducing the occurrence of cucumber pests and diseases. Before entering or leaving the greenhouse, farmers should wear disinfected overalls to avoid bringing germs into the greenhouse. After work, disinfect the work clothes and use lime to disinfect them. 2.3 Straw fertilization management Studies have shown that the straw is rich in organic matter and the bio-reaction chain of the straw can increase the carbon dioxide in the greenhouse, thus providing a good growth environment and nutrients for the cucumber, and reducing the occurrence of pests and diseases. Farmers can incinerate the straw in the cucumber sowing area before sowing the cucumber, which improves the nutrient content in the soil and provides a good soil environment for the growth of cucumber. 3 Medium-term control technology for greenhouse cucumber pests and diseases 3.1 Seedling technology Cucumber is a crop of sorghum. It must be fixed in density when planting. It should not be too dense. Therefore, when building seedlings, the ridge height is 15-20 cm, the width is 30-40 cm, and the narrow row spacing is 40-50 cm. In the case of ensuring good ventilation and daylighting of the cucumber seedlings, the planting area is maximized. In addition, the gravel should be laid under the nutrient soil, and the bottom layer should be laid with a film. 3.2 seedling transplanting Cucumber is warm, but not high temperature; it is wet, but not resistant. Therefore, the cultivation of cucumber is carried out by sorghum cultivation techniques, and the mulching film covers the under-film dark irrigation technique. Before transplanting, the seedlings should be thoroughly disinfected. After transplanting, nutrient medicines should be used in time to promote the growth of seedlings, improve the disease resistance and adaptability of seedlings, and avoid the occurrence of pests and diseases. 3.3 Mid-term fertilization management During the growth of cucumber seedlings, attention should be paid to increasing the nutrient strength of the melon seedlings. Therefore, in the middle growth period, the cucumber crops should be fertilized again, mainly organic fertilizer and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. In addition, pay attention to the supplement of the field micro-fertilizer. 4 Late stage prevention and control technology of greenhouse cucumber pests and diseases 4.1 Control the ecological environment in the greenhouse One of the advantages of greenhouse cultivation is controllability. The growth of pests and diseases also requires environmental support, so growers can regulate the environment in the greenhouse to avoid the occurrence of pests or diseases and promote the death of pests and diseases that have already occurred. Cucumbers grown in greenhouses are generally planted in the off-season. The indoor and outdoor environments are quite different. Cucumber has certain requirements for the growing environment. There should be no dew on the cucumber leaves. Therefore, farmers should regularly discharge moisture from the greenhouse to avoid excessive humidity and leaf area. Water, affecting the growth of cucumber. 4.2 Late fertilization Later fertilization is mainly based on organic fertilizer, with a certain proportion of NPK fertilizer, increasing the disease resistance of cucumber. 4.3 Pest Control The common pests and diseases of cucumber are mildew disease (50% nail cream copper 800 times liquid and Plex alternate use), sclerotinia disease, gray mold (50% quick-krin or 70% methyl thiophanate 800 times solution, once a week , two to three weeks a course can be), etc.; common pests are mainly whitefly and aphids, the commonly used insecticide is imidacloprid. 4.4 Technical treatment of sick old leaves For the leaves or dead leaves where pests have occurred, clean them in time to avoid the spread of pests and diseases. In general, the prevention and control of cucumber pests and diseases should check the principle of “prevention first, prevention and control combinationâ€, and control the whole process from the selection, breeding, growth and results of the seedlings to avoid the occurrence of pests and diseases. Manganese Acetate,Manganese Acetate Tetrahydrate,Manganese Diacetate,Manganese Ethanoate Wuxi Yangshan Biochemical Co.,Ltd. , https://www.yangshanchem.com
