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Four factors that affect the quality of fruit
The quality of fruit consists of both appearance and intrinsic quality. There are many specific measurement standards, such as the selection of high quality fruit for apples and pears. The appearance quality requirements have the inherent characteristics of the varieties, fruit shape is correct, the fruit surface is fully colored, bright and clean, no damage, a large fruit, and uniform and so on. The intrinsic quality requires a variety of unique flavors, sweet and sour, aroma; meat crisp, no fruit residue, less stone cells, small heart; juice and more mouthwash, hardness above 8kg/cm2, sugar content above 15% , pesticide residues do not exceed the standard. To improve the quality of fruit, we must first understand what is the main factor affecting fruit quality, and then take targeted measures to receive better results. The following four factors have a great influence on the quality of fruit. First, due to the strong regionality of the fruit trees, the climate of the producing areas is greatly influenced by the producing areas, and the fruit trees suitable for the larger areas have obvious differences in suitability in different regions. Taking the apple as an example, the Loess Plateau area is the top five in China according to the requirements of its cool and semi-dry climate and its optimum temperature, precipitation, sunshine hours, altitude, day and night temperature difference, and soil quality. In the main apple producing areas, the eugenic areas with all the indicators of the most suitable area are fully achieved, and there are differences in other areas. The second is whether the fresh fruit varieties or fruit varieties of the fruit tree varieties are early, mid-maturing varieties or late-maturing varieties, which have the difference between the appearance and the inherent quality, and have the advantages of high yield, poor resistance to diseases and insect pests, and difficult management. Easy to do. With the rapid development of modern science and technology, fruit tree varieties are constantly being selected. New varieties are introduced one after another. After inspections of production and sales practices, the best will become the rising star of the breed. Therefore, the varieties should not only be selected strictly during the construction of the park, but also be further optimized after the production. This is also an important factor affecting quality. Third, management techniques in the same production area for the same species of fruit trees, using different cultivation techniques, coupled with different post-harvest treatment technology, will produce different quality fruit. The higher the technical content, the higher the fruit quality. As far as Apple is concerned, the main technologies for improving its quality include high-risk access, standardized trees, reasonable fertilization, water-saving irrigation and orchard cultivation, fruit thinning and fruit thinning, fruit bagging, integrated pest management, and staged harvesting. Post-harvest treatment. Post-harvest treatments include storage, cleaning, selection, grading, labeling, and packaging after fruit harvesting. Whether these technologies can be promoted or not is a key factor in improving the quality of fruit. Fourth, capital investment from the selection of good seedlings, seedlings to gardens to fruit tree cultivation management and post-harvest fruit processing, all require certain funds for the investment in technology and materials to ensure the achievement of high-quality and high-efficiency goals. However, insufficient input has become a major constraint to the improvement of the quality of fruit in many places.