For the treatment
of diseases of the Digestive System:
Many symptoms can
signal problems with the GI tract, including: abdominal pain, blood in the
stool, bloating, constipation, diarrhea, heartburn, incontinence, nausea and
vomiting and difficulty swallowing, according to the NIH.
Among the most
widely known diseases of the digestive system is colon cancer. According to the
Centers for Disease Control (CDC), 51,783 Americans died from colon cancer in
2011 (the most recent year for available data). Excluding skin cancers, colon
and rectal cancer, or colorectal cancer, is the third most common cancer
diagnosed in both men and women in the United States, according to the American
Cancer Society.
Polyp growth and
irregular cells, which may or may not be cancerous, are the most common
development paths for colorectal cancers (also referred to as CRC), and can be
detected during a routine colonoscopy, according to Dr. John Marks, a
gastroenterologist affiliated with the Main Line Health health care system.
[The best news is that, if caught early
enough, they can also be removed during the colonoscopy - eliminating the
possibility that they grow further and become cancer," Marks said.
For those patients
whose cancer has already spread, there are various minimally invasive surgical
options that have extremely good prognoses. It is recommended that asymptomatic
patients without a family history begin getting tested regularly between the
ages 45 and 50, according to Marks. [Symptoms which may suggest that you need a
colonoscopy at an earlier age include rectal bleeding and stool/bowel habit
changes which last for more than a few days."
While CRC gets a
great deal of attention, many diseases and conditions of the digestive system -
including irritable bowel syndrome, diverticulitis, GERD (acid reflux) and
Crohn`s disease - can be chronic and are difficult to diagnose and treat,
according to Dr. Larry Good, a gastroenterologist affiliated with South Nassau
Communities Hospital. [With many of these diseases, blood work and colonoscopies
all looks normal, so there is an absence of red flags."
Many of the
diseases of the digestive system are tied to the foods we eat, and a number of
sufferers can reduce their symptoms by restricting their diets, Good said. [Of
course no one wants to hear that they can`t eat certain foods, but many times,
eliminating acidic things from the diet, such as tomatoes, onions, and red
wine, can have an impact," Good said.
There are a number
of tests to detect digestive tract ailments. A colonoscopy is the examination
of the inside of the colon using a long, flexible, fiber-optic viewing
instrument called a colonoscope, according the American Gastroenterological
Association. Other testing procedures include upper GI endoscopy, capsule
endoscopy, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and endoscopic
ultrasound.
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Foreign efforts to develop microbial flavor industry
In recent years, with the increasing development of food science and technology, the flavor industry of foreign food industry has developed rapidly. At present, foreign liquid fermentation tanks have been developed very well, and large-scale fermentation tanks are commonly used for automated production; freeze-drying methods are commonly used for preservation of strains; some companies also use genetic engineering techniques to stabilize the characteristics of strains and The fermentation characteristics of modified strains have greatly promoted the development of food flavor technology. At present, some foreign companies have applied fermentation technology to produce microbiological fragrances and realized industrial production. Such as: U.nileaer company in the United States to 5-dodecanoic acid as raw materials, the use of baker's yeast production of R-8-dodecanoic anhydride, cyclization to produce butter-flavored lactone, has reached the scale of 30,000 liters fermenter; US Heriyules The company uses microbes to produce butyric acid and ethyl butyrate; U.S. ESCA uses a microbial reactor to produce vanilla flavors containing 85% vanillin and many other natural ingredients. Japan Concord Fermentation Co., Ltd. used 4-aza-DL-leucine, a strain selected from baker's yeast, to produce a bread flavoring agent for flavoring bakery products. The company also uses brewer's yeast and baker's yeast in room temperature fermentation in whey and sugar medium to make bread flavor improver. Foreign countries have begun to use deep fermentation to produce liquid mushroom mycelium aroma substances. Such as: Germany's BASF company to produce 4-hydroxypropyl esters with microorganisms; Dutch Un ochema company uses lipase to produce "Bioester" series of bio-aromatic esters; British Stafford Food Ingredients Company uses Aspergillus niger strains to produce blue cheese important Flavoring substance methyl copper ketone. At present, the foreign microbiological fragrance industry is moving in the direction of multi-species, diversification, and automation.