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1 Fluidized bed multi-functional drying granulator working principle Fluidized bed multi-functional drying granulator is a new type of pharmaceutical equipment developed on boiling drying technology. It integrates functions such as granulation and drying, and is widely used in the pharmaceutical industry. . The fluidized bed multifunctional drying granulator is mainly composed of a main machine, an air treatment system, a spray system, a main air duct system, an exhaust system, an electric control cabinet and the like.
The main structure of the fluidized bed multi-functional drying granulator is shown in Figure 1. The working principle is that the airflow enters the flow from the air distribution plate through the air filter, heat exchanger and air supply duct under the negative pressure suction of the induced draft fan. In the chemical bed granulation chamber, the powder is boiled to a fluidized state. The atomized liquid material and the compressed air enter the nozzle through respective pipes, are atomized into fine droplets, are sprayed in the fluidized bed granulation chamber and are not mixed with the powder, and are bonded into particles. At the same time, the particles are dried by hot air, and some of the fine powder rises to the filter bag and is trapped. After a certain period of time, the left exhaust valve is closed, the left chamber filter bag is shaken up and down under the action of the cylinder, and the shaken powder is not returned to the bed. Re-granulation in the middle. After shaking the bag, the left exhaust valve is opened again. After a certain time, the right exhaust valve is closed, and the right chamber filter bag of the filter chamber is shaken. The left and right chambers alternately shake in this cycle, and the trapped powder is cleaned to keep the filter bag unblocked, and the drying and granulation operations are completed.
2 suggestions From the working principle of the fluidized bed multi-functional drying granulator, the exhaust air volume, the gun pressure and the spray flow rate, and the material temperature are important process operation parameters during the operation. Whether the control of these parameters is properly decided The quality and efficiency of production, and the problems in production are also related to these parameters. The following suggestions are combined with these parameters:
2.1 Improvements on the uneven size of the particles It is suggested from the principle of particle formation that the particle size is proportional to the flow rate of the spray and inversely proportional to the atomization pressure. When the atomization pressure is set to be constant, as the flow rate of the spray liquid increases, the particles become larger; as the flow rate of the spray liquid decreases, the particles become smaller. When the flow rate of the spray liquid is set to be constant, as the atomization pressure increases, the particles become smaller; also as the atomization pressure decreases, the particles become larger.
It can be seen that the reasonable combination of the amount of liquid sprayed, the amount of liquid sprayed and the atomization pressure of the inner and outer layers per unit time can produce qualified particles. The atomization angle (fine adjustment) can be adjusted by adjusting the atomization pressure and the outer nozzle on the spray gun head. To be done. Since the inner nozzle has a small aperture and the outer nozzle has a large aperture, the atomization pressure flowing through the outer nozzle must be greater than the inner nozzle pressure. Otherwise, the inner and outer atomization pressures cannot atomize the liquid evenly. Causes uneven particle size.
This operation has a lot to do with the experience and proficiency of the operator. If the spray system is designed to automatically respond to the spray pressure and spray flow rate that meet the particle characteristics process requirements, to avoid the deviation caused by human factors, then This operation is also easier to programmatically and reduces particle unevenness caused by human factors.
2.2 Improvement of Control Fluctuation It is recommended that the hot air heating control mode is usually a simple “on†or “off†mode. When the temperature reaches the set value, the steam is stopped, but the heat exchanger still has residual heat to keep the air temperature rising, and vice versa. However, this will cause excessive temperature fluctuations, affecting the dry granulation quality of the equipment. It is recommended to maintain the inlet air temperature by controlling the flow rate of the steam. When the temperature rises, the steam flow rate is large, so that the inlet air temperature is close to the set value as soon as possible, and then the steam quantity is automatically adjusted to slowly approach the set value. A steady amount of steam keeps the inlet air temperature stable.
The air volume control equipment adopts the frequency conversion speed control. In the production process, the air volume can only be adjusted manually according to the fluidization state of the material at any time. Therefore, the stability of the air volume and the relative constant air volume cannot be guaranteed, and the material changes and the resistance of the filter bag. Factors such as changes will affect the stability of the air volume, and the change in air volume can affect the drying speed. Therefore, it is recommended to install the air volume measuring component in the air inlet pipe to realize automatic control and keep the air volume in the production process substantially constant.
2.3 The air treatment system needs to be perfect. Although the air handling system is equipped with primary, medium and high efficiency filters, as the running time increases, the high efficiency filter will be blocked or damaged. At present, it can only be judged from the appearance to determine whether it is needed. Replacement, lack of theoretical basis, early replacement will increase costs, delaying replacement will bring the risk of air quality degradation, thus affecting the quality of the product. It is recommended to increase the differential pressure display device before and after high efficiency. When the pressure difference reaches a certain value, the alarm prompts replacement.
Since there is no dehumidification device, the problem of air dehumidification always exists, especially in the late spring and summer air. If the dehumidification does not have a great influence on the dry granulation of the material, it is imperative to increase the dehumidification device. .
The fan and the damper are not linked, and air backflow may occur between the fan shutdown and the butterfly valve closing. It is recommended that the start and stop of the fan be linked with the switch of the damper. When the fan starts, the damper is opened at the same time, and when the fan stops running, the damper is closed synchronously, and air backflow does not occur.
2.4 Improvements on the inconvenience of installation and removal of the filter bag and the problem of easy deformation of the hanging ribs Due to the inconvenience of the filter bag being disassembled, the filter bag may not be installed in place and the material is discharged, and the product yield is not high. The selection of the hanging ribs is not reasonable and easily causes deformation, resulting in a tight seal, which also causes changes in running powder and air volume, which affects the environment and affects product yield. It is recommended that the filter bags be connected by means of clamps. It is recommended to use rigid materials that are not easily deformed.
3 Conclusions This paper starts with the working principle of the fluidized bed multi-functional drying granulator, combines the process operation parameters, summarizes some problems in the production process, and puts forward suggestions for the improvement of the equipment, and invites relevant industries and technicians. Some reference.