In recent years, the production of pollution-free peanuts has become the direction, and the principle of pollution-free control of peanut pests is an important part of the production of pollution-free peanuts. But in recent years, the damage of groundnut pests of peanuts has become more and more serious. The culprit is the flaws. The prevention and control of peanut meal has become the top priority for the production of pollution-free peanuts. To this end, since 2008, the county plant protection station technical staff in the county to carry out the investigation of peanut aphid occurrence law and control technology, and conducted a pilot demonstration, and achieved remarkable results.

First, the morphological characteristics of adult crickets is Coleoptera gold tortoiseshell, the species that occurs in our county is the dark chafer. The larvae of chafers are cockroaches, commonly known as bighead bugs, white silkworms, and white-earth silkworms. Body white, body wall soft and wrinkled. Body surface sparsely fine hair. The head is large and round, and there are three pairs of chest and foot. In case of surprise, it is suspended in a "C" shape.

Second, the damage symptoms of seedlings, victims, roots often be cut off flat, resulting in lack of seedlings off ridge phenomenon. During fruiting period, the fruit handle is bitten, the young fruit is bitten or eaten into the feeding kernel. When the damage is serious, all the tender fruits are eaten and only the fruit handle is left, and some bite off the fruit handle to cause the fruit to germinate and rot. Some eat empty kernels to form "mud pots", and some strip the main root to make the plants die, generally reducing production by 20% to 30%, heavy loss of 60% to 70%, and even worse, no particles.

Third, the law of occurrence 1. neat occurrence period. The dark beetle occurred once a year in my county. The 3rd instar larvae lived in the soil for winter, and in May the earthworms disappeared. In June, the adults emerged one after another. After the harvest, it was the peak of the excavation period. Generally, it appeared on the second night after the rain that received the wheat. The occurrence period is very neat, providing an excellent opportunity to trap and kill Yang Tung poison. 2. Widely distributed. Dark beetle is one of the most adaptable, widely distributed, and most harmful underground pests. Except for paddy fields, almost all fields are distributed. 3. Copulation feeding rules. Dark beetles usually begin to unearth around 7:30 in the evening. After unearthing, the beetle flies to the roadside eucalyptus and poplars for feeding on leaves and ends up on crops such as corn and sorghum. At 8 o'clock, the peak of the excavation is at the peak. At this time, the dark cockchafer that the colony copulates can bend the small branches and squeeze them into a mass of insects, which is very favorable for manual capture. After 8:10, the copulation ends and flies to the tall tree for feeding (high feeding). So, 8 to 8:10 pm is the best time to manually capture the dark beetle. 4. Every morning sunrise. The dark beetle is not unearthed every evening, but it is separated by sunrise soil, and is greatly affected by rainfall. If unearthed from 7:30 to 8:00 on the same day, it will not be excavated, and it will be changed from the original two-day or single-birthday soil. For a single day or double sunrise soil. Plug poisoning and artificial capture of Yang Tung poison should be carried out on the day of excavation. 5. Long spawning period. After the dark beetle is unearthed, it must be fed for 10 to 15 days after mating, and nutrients can be produced after supplemental nutrition. Mainly take leaves of eucalyptus, poplar and other trees, and showed obvious directional feeding. 6. Strong phototaxis. Dark beetle has a strong phototaxis for black light and incandescent light. It is the peak of the flickering light from 8 to 8:30 on the day of excavation. It can be used for forecasting and light trapping. 7. Selective spawning. In the co-existence of peanuts, soybeans, sweet potatoes, corn, vegetables, etc., dark beetles particularly like to lay eggs before the dawn to peanuts, soybeans and other legume crop fields. Therefore, the occurrence of Diablo in peanut and soybean fields is the most serious, followed by sweet potato fields. The eggs are produced in soft and moist soil, with the most irrigated land, and each female can lay about 100 eggs. Like to grow in the flourishing field blocks, spring sowing is more important than summer sowing. On the 10th of July, the incubation period of the eggs was high, and on the 10th to 15th of July, it was the 1st instar of larvae. At this time, the drug resistance was poor, and it was the best suitable period for prevention and control. From June to August, peanuts were damaged, and peanuts were harvested from the 3rd instar and then into the soil for winter.蛴螬 When the soil temperature reaches 10°C and the soil temperature reaches 5°C, the soil surface starts to rise. The activity is highest at 13 to 18°C, and it moves to deep soil at 23°C or higher. Therefore, spring and autumn are active on the topsoil.

Fourth, the reasons for the poor control effect First, the occurrence of concealment, cockroaches have been in the soil, must be used to irrigate the root, the liquid infiltration of 5 to 10 cm soil. The second is that the potency of the drug cannot meet the requirements of controlling the entire hazard period. For example, phoxim granules have efficacy for 20 days and require multiple doses. The third reason is that they have not mastered the appropriate medication. Fourth, there is a lack of comprehensive prevention and control technologies. It is difficult to prevent and treat because of the large number of drugs and long duration.

5. Based on the principle of "prevention first, comprehensive prevention and control", the integrated prevention and control technology shall give priority to the adoption of agricultural, physical and biological control measures, scientific and rational use of low-toxicity, low-residue and biological pesticides, mutual cooperation, prevention and control To take advantage of comprehensive prevention and control.

1. Biological control. (1) Promote mulching and balanced fertilization, increase production practices such as decomposing organic manure, rare earth micro-fertilizer, and potash fertilizer, and increase pest resistance. (2) When the peanuts are harvested, they are collected and concentrated at the same time as the peanuts are peeled. According to experience, the population density of the larvae in the coming year can be effectively reduced. (3) Implement crop rotation to reduce the source of insects. (4) Use natural enemies to control. The natural enemies of the predatory beetle include birds, hedgehogs, crickets, and walking worms, and the predatory larvae have larvae.

2. Physical control. (1) Use solar frequency vibration type insecticidal lamp to trap adult insects. Set up insect traps in the field, 50 acres, and light the night of the adult emergence period from June to August to lure the beetle and reduce spawning. (2) The ramie is planted in the field of peanuts, and the adults die after poisoning and have certain control effects. (3) Pesticide trapping. Freshly poplar or eucalyptus trees of 0.5-1 meter in length were immersed in 50% liquid omethoate for 4 hours. In the evening, they were inserted into the field and 5 were harvested per mu. 2 to 3 days.

3. Chemical control. (1) Soil treatment: 5% phoxim granules are 2 to 3 kg per mu, mixed with fine soil 40 to 50 are applied to sowing ditch (holes), which has good control effect. (2) Seed dressing: 50% phoxim EC according to 0.2% of the seed amount, 50 to 100 times the amount of water and seed dressing, evenly sprayed on the seed, soaking for several hours, sowing or mufengfeng (30% chlorpyrifos) 240g of Microcapsule Suspension + 250g of Special Compatible Auxiliaries. After the two are well mixed, they are added to an acre of ground (15kg) of peanuts, fully mixed and stirred, and then kept in a cool (lightproof) ventilated booth. After drying and sowing, this method can effectively prevent the lack of long-acting, high-efficiency pharmaceuticals for peanut pods. It is difficult to pour pesticides during the young fruit period, and the labor intensity is high, and the work is hard. The effect is difficult to guarantee and can easily cause excessive pesticide residue. The drug has a pot life of four months and serves as a seed dressing to control the effects of insect pests throughout the growing season. (3) The expansion period of peanut pods is the most critical and most effective period for prevention and control. Per acre with 5% phoxim granules 2.5 to 3 kilograms and 15 to 20 kilograms of fine soil, applied to the peanut rhizosphere, and then scratch. Better water can be used to fill the pier. (4) 48% chlorpyrifos EC 250 ~ 400 ml or 3% phoxim granules 5 kg, mix fine slag or coarse sand 20 ~ 25 kg along the ridge spread and cover soil watering. Spring peanuts were controlled twice in the middle and late July, and interplanting peanuts were controlled once in late July. (5) New long-acting agents. Using 30% Shengge Phoxim Microcapsules Suspension to prevent groundnut pests, the efficacy period lasts up to 4 months, and 30% Shengge Phoxim microcapsule suspension can effectively control the growth and development of peanuts during the growth period of peanuts. Underground pests such as ground tigers and golden worms are harmful. The method is 1 liquid spray hole: When sowing, use 30% fresh song phoxim microcapsule suspension agent 800 to 1000 grams of water to 30 to 40 kg (that is, 2 to 3 sprayer), peanuts directly sprayed in the hole after seeding (No spray on seeds, no spray on the outside of the hole), 4 to 5 ml per hole, quickly cover the soil after spraying. 2 post-emergence Guandun: After the membrane breaks out of the peanuts and before flowering, the irrigation pier is used for irrigation, and 30% live song of phoxim microcapsule suspension agent 800-1000 g, 150 kg of water (ie 10 sprayers), and watered uniformly. Peanut roots. 3 per acre with 30% live song phoxim microcapsule suspension 800 ~ 1000 grams of water 1 ~ 1.5 kg mix dry sand 30 ~ 40 kg, uniform hole cover in the peanut seed, and then immediately cover the soil.

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