March: Critical Period of Controlling Scale insects

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The scale insects belong to the order Homoptera, Spodoptera, and they are herbivorous insects. They are sucked into the plant tissue for a lifetime by sucking and sucking mouthparts. Not only do they plunder the plant sap, destroy the plant tissues, but also secrete some special substances that make the local tissue. deformity. When the scale insects occur in large numbers, they often cover the surface of the branches and leaves on the branches and leaves, shells and secreted wax, which seriously affect the plant's respiration and photosynthesis. Now introduce the common scale insects on several fruit trees.

First, the North Korean ball Kashiwazawa: also known as the peach ball, the apricot ball is strong, the host is Li, apricot, peach, cherry, apple, etc., gathered on the host branches, the host juice is sucked for life, the damage of the tree is bad, damage Severe branches die and even the whole plant withers.
A generation occurs one year, and it is connected with the second instar nymphs on the branches. In the second and middle of March, activities began in the middle and early March. From the peeling of the wax pile, they climbed out. They found another place to be fixed, and gregariously ate on the branches. After the end of March, the body of the worm body became larger and more spherical, and the females began in early May. The hatchery is hatched in the mother. In mid-May, it is the nymph hatching period. It crawls on the host for 1 to 2 days and looks for suitable places. There are many branches and branches and branches at the base of the leaves. After fixation, the body grows slightly, with white filamentous waxy layers on both sides covering the back of the worm.
The critical period of treatment is the winter of mid-March when the nymphs begin to shed and the mid-May of the nymph's hatching period. At this time, there is no covering on the back of the worm, and the medicine can exert better results.

Second, Japanese wax worms: mainly harmful jujube trees, nymphs and female adults gathered on the branches and leaves sucking juice, the secretions can induce the occurrence of coal pollution, affecting photosynthesis, in severe cases, resulting in weakening tree vigor, Sprouts shrink, yield and quality decline.
In the first generation of the year, the fertilized female adults intensively overwintered on 1-2 year-old twigs. When the jujube sprouted, they started feeding and the worm body quickly expanded. In mid-June, it was the hatching period and hatched under the mother's capsule. In early July, the nymph shelled out, and the shelled nymphs were fixed on the front and shoots of jujube leaves and secreted wax to form a shell.
The critical period of prevention and control is before the female adult is hatched, that is, in late May and early July when the nymphs hatch.

Third, Conrad's mealybugs: also known as pear mealybugs, pink rice dumplings, in addition to harming pears, but also harm apples, peaches, grapes, etc., with adults and nymphs suck host plants sprouts, shoots, leaves, fruits and roots juice. After the twig was damaged, it often swollen, and the bark cracked and died. The previous stage was deformed.
Three generations a year occur, wintering with eggs in the trunks and branches of coarse-grained gaps. When the pears sprout in the second year, the overwintering eggs hatch into nymphs, which damage the young part of the host plants. In the first year of the nymphs, the mid-to-late May period, the second generation in the second half of July, and the third generation in the middle of August, the female adults often crawled to the branches of rough skin or cracks in fruit, spawning and other spawning, some The eggs are produced in the soil and the eggs are produced in the oocysts formed by the wax secreted by the females.
During the critical period of prevention and control, the overwintering eggs hatched when the pears germinated and the generations of each generation nymphs emerged during the mid-to-late, late-July and late August.

4. Pear bollworm: It is one of the international quarantine objects. The fruit trees that are infested mainly include pears, apples, peaches, grapes, etc. They can parasitize all the above-ground parts of the fruit trees. After the branches are damaged, they cause cortical woodification and phloem duct organization. Decline, cortical burst, inhibit growth, cause defoliation, even shoot dry and the whole plant death, mostly concentrated in the fruit on the pupa and stems, forming a purple spot around the shell to reduce the value of the fruit.
Three generations a year occur. The second instar nymph and a handful of fertilized females live on the branches, and in the second year of March, they start feeding on the middle and late March. In mid-June, the midwife nymphs are born, and the second generation is from late July to early September. The third generation from September to early November, the generation is not complete.
During the critical period of prevention and control, overwintering and feeding began to feed in the middle and late March and winter and winter nymphs, that is, in the middle and early June.

5. Sangdang Stork: also known as mulberry white peony, peach scale insects, etc., the host has apples, pears, peaches, etc., especially peach trees suffer the most. This female adult and nymph colony is fixed on the stems of fruit trees. Occasionally, the fruit and leaves are damaged. In severe cases, the shells overlap and the surface of the shoots is uneven, weakening the tree vigor and even causing death of shoots or whole plants. After the occurrence of Taoyuan, Taoyuan will be destroyed in 3 to 5 years if no effective control measures are taken.
Two generations occur in a year and the second-generation fertilized females live on branches. In the middle and late March, the peach tree began to infestation after its sprouting, and the body rapidly expanded. The first generation of eggs hatched in mid-May and the second generation of hatched in late July. Nymphs are mostly fixed on 2-5-year-old branches for feeding.
During the critical period of prevention and control, females began to feed, that is, in late March and the end of all generations of eggs, that is, in late May and early August.

Sixth, grass shoe: also known as sandals scale insects, the host has apples, pears, peaches and so on. When the nymphs are on the tree in early spring, the clusters suck on the shoots, causing the buds to wither, weakening the tree, and reducing the yield.
One generation occurs every year, wintering with eggs in the soil under trees, under weeds, etc. When the sap of the second generation of sap flowed in February, the nymphs began to hatch. They crawled back and forth along the trunk at noon in high temperatures, and clustered in tree shrews and tree holes in the evening.
During the critical period of prevention and control, the nymphs will have a large number of trees on the middle of March.
Integrated control technology
1. Strengthen orchard management, timely fertilization and irrigation, meet the needs of fruit trees for water and fertilizer, and improve the resistance of fruit trees to insects.
2, combined with pruning, burned with insect branches.
3. Grasping the two weak links in life activities of scale insects and adopting physical and mechanical methods can achieve a multiplier effect of prevention and control. .
4. In the dormant period of fruit trees, spraying silkworm or 3 to 5.5 degree lime sulfur agent has better control effect on scale insects.
5. During the growing period of fruit trees, two key prevention and control periods should be seized: The first prevention and treatment period is the nymph crawling period of the infancy or the oviposition of female adults. The second period of prevention and control is the hatching period of eggs, and low-selective selective insecticides are used for prevention and control.

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