As the main power source of agriculture, diesel engines are widely used in agricultural vehicles and fixed power. Although the agricultural diesel engine has the advantages of simple structure, stable operation performance and large horsepower. However, due to poor fuel vaporization performance of agricultural diesel engines, the high cylinder compression ratio of 18-20:1 is used to increase the gas temperature in the cylinder, thereby achieving the auto-ignition process. The poor start-up performance of diesel engines in winter is closely related to the temperature. It is important to strengthen the winter maintenance and operation technology of agricultural diesel engines, which can improve the starting performance of diesel engines, improve the start-up operation of agricultural diesel engines at low temperatures, and prolong the service life of main components of agricultural diesel engines to increase economic efficiency. 1.0 After the agricultural diesel engine is parked in the open air in winter, when it is parked in the open air at night, it is necessary to pay attention to changes in the local temperature. In case of strong cold air in the north, the cooling temperature in the cooling water tank should be released when the second weather temperature is lower than 4 degrees. Because the volume change of water at 4 degrees is relatively large, when the water changes from a liquid to a solid, the expansion of the volume will damage the cooling tank radiator. In the winter of 2000, in a city affected by cold air from the north, the temperature dropped to 0°C. The agricultural vehicles and tractors parked in the open air did not timely release the cooling water in the water tanks, causing 106 agricultural diesel engine cooling water tanks to be damaged, resulting in an economic loss of 64,000 yuan. The 62 agricultural vehicles and tractors could not be put into production for more than half a month. 2.0 Fuel consumption for agricultural diesel engines in winter should be paid attention to the choice of diesel grades. The diesel fuel grades should be changed as the temperature decreases. When the temperature is lower than 10 degrees, the No. 0 diesel should be used. If the agricultural diesel is still used, the diesel should be heated 50-60 degrees before starting. If the diesel engine is difficult to start or cannot be started after starting, first check whether the diesel oil will precipitate wax and block the oil circuit so that the high-pressure oil pump will enter the air and cause no oil supply. 3.0 When the agricultural diesel engine is started in winter, the cylinder intake air temperature is low, and it is difficult for the piston to achieve the diesel auto-ignition temperature after compressing the gas. Before starting the diesel engine, corresponding auxiliary methods should be used to increase the temperature of the diesel engine body. 3.1 Heat engine crankshaft lubrication oil released the next night, the engine oil is heated to 80-90 degrees before starting the engine the next day to join the crankcase, the heating can evaporate the oil in the oil, to prevent the oil in the oil colloid due to the temperature is too low and closed the oil filter The net increases the temperature of the body and quickly improves the lubrication of each lubrication point. 3.2 Add 70-90 degrees hot water to the diesel engine tank to increase the temperature of the engine. When the temperature is -5 degrees, add hot water for 5-7 minutes and then release it for a second time to add hot water, which can significantly increase the temperature of the diesel engine. The most effective way to start the winter. 3.3 When the diesel engine is started by electric or manual start, the throttle is first turned off so that the high-pressure oil pump is temporarily not supplied with oil. After the crankshaft rotates for several weeks, the lubrication oil in the crankcase is delivered to each lubrication point, and then the throttle is opened for a successful start. 4.0 The diesel engine shall be operated at low speed for 3-5 minutes after the start of the diesel engine, so that the temperature of the entire diesel engine can be increased, and the matching relationship of the moving parts can be normalized, and the normal operation of the lubrication oil can be checked before it is put into operation. When the diesel engine runs, the speed of sudden acceleration or the maximum operation of the throttle is minimized. The diesel engine increases the speed by adjusting the high-pressure oil pump oil supply by the driver or control personnel, while the diesel engine cylinder air intake is constant, and the fuel supply suddenly increases in the cylinder. Excessive concentration of flammable gas mixture results in incomplete discharge of large amounts of smoke. This in turn causes carbon build-up in the cylinder and valve assembly. Longer service time will also affect the service life of the valve assembly. In addition, the diesel engine oil supply system uses an automatic governor to improve the oil supply to meet the load requirements, that is, it can automatically change the fuel supply according to the diesel engine load change. To control the rotation speed of a diesel engine manually, a smooth refueling is used to achieve the best fuel supply and power efficiency.
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