Preservatives refer to natural or synthetic chemical ingredients. When used in cosmetic formulations, it can effectively inhibit microbial growth or corruption caused by chemical changes to ensure the safety and stability of the product during its shelf life. Dmdm Hydantoin Perservative,Glydant High Performance Preservative,Glydant Ltd Preservative Xi'an Hersoncare Bio-Tech Co., Ltd , https://www.hersoncarebio.com
There are roughly three types of anti-corrosion principles for preservatives:
1. Interfering with the enzyme system of microorganisms, destroying their normal metabolism, and inhibiting enzyme activity.
2. Causing solidification and denaturation of microbial proteins, interfering with their survival and reproduction.
3. Changing the permeability of the cell plasma membrane, inhibiting the elimination of enzymes and metabolites in the body, leading to its inactivation.
Artificial hatching pigeons and feeding pigeons
Artificial hatching and rearing techniques for pigeons have become essential in modern pigeon breeding. These methods eliminate the need for natural brooding, significantly increasing egg production and hatching success. By replacing traditional hatching with artificial incubation, breeders can control environmental conditions more precisely, reducing losses from broken or cold-dead eggs. Properly applying these techniques can raise the hatching rate from 68% in naturally hatched eggs to as high as 88%. Here's a detailed guide on how to implement this process.
First, the collection of eggs is crucial. Every evening after 8 PM, all eggs laid by the breeder pigeons should be gathered. Timing is key—collecting too early may miss some eggs, while collecting too late could cause the eggs to warm up due to the breeder’s natural instinct to sit on them. When collecting, always remove the nest to prevent interference with future laying. Each egg should be recorded with the date it was laid and marked for tracking. The eggs should then be stored at a temperature between 5°C and 20°C, ideally in an incubator set at 18°C if possible.
Next, the incubation process begins. A small-scale incubator is used, with specialized egg racks designed for pigeon eggs. It's best to collect eggs over four consecutive days and place them all in the incubator at once. The incubation temperature should be maintained at 38.3–38.8°C, slightly higher than for chicken eggs. Humidity should be kept between 50% and 55%, and the eggs must be turned 4–6 times daily. On day 12, the egg trays are removed once a day, allowing the eggs to cool to 30°C before returning to the incubator. This helps simulate natural conditions and improves hatchability.
After 5 days of incubation, the first check is performed to remove any infertile or dead embryos. Another check occurs on day 10, and a third on day 16 to ensure no dead embryos remain. By day 17–18, the young pigeons begin to hatch.
In addition to artificial hatching, artificial feeding plays a vital role in raising healthy pigeons. This method requires strict hygiene and careful handling, which greatly enhances meat quality, increases productivity, and improves the economic return of pigeon farming.
For successful artificial nursing, proper equipment is necessary. This includes feeders such as suction balls, syringes, bucket feeders, and electric feeding machines. Brooding incubators are used for the first 7 days, while specially designed cages provide space for pigeons aged 8–26 days. The size and number of cages depend on the scale of the operation.
During the brooding phase, temperature control is critical. From day 1–4, the temperature should be 37–38°C, gradually decreasing to 34–36°C by day 5–7. After that, the temperature is reduced to 30–33°C, and the pigeons are moved to a plane brooding cage. Feeding starts with a larger feeder, and the environment must remain clean and well-ventilated.
Pigeon feed preparation is also important. The diet must be nutritionally balanced according to the age of the birds. For the first week, the feed should be liquid; by day 8–15, it becomes soft, and by day 16–24, it transitions to dry and wet mixtures. Ensuring the right consistency helps the young pigeons develop properly.
Artificial feeding should only start one week after the breeder pigeons produce eggs. Once the technique is mastered, gradual transition to full artificial feeding can take place.
Finally, maintaining hygiene and controlling disease is crucial. This involves five key areas: managing the young chicks, regulating temperature, preparing proper feed, applying correct nursing techniques, and preventing diseases from entering through the mouth. The preparation of feed is especially important, as poor-quality food can lead to health issues.
By implementing these two technologies—artificial hatching and artificial feeding—breeders can significantly reduce the workload, shorten the breeding cycle, and boost both egg and meat production. This leads to improved efficiency and higher profits in pigeon farming.