Discussion on the mode of water construction in the community From: China Construction News / China Water Industry Liao Peng Gao Weidong The living drainage of the community is diverse, and can be divided into the following types: bath drainage, coal washing drainage, kitchen drainage, flushing drainage, etc. Processing facility The treatment facility is the core of the entire water system, and it is also the key to whether the function can be realized normally. The following aspects should be considered in the construction: Reuse The water used in the community is divided into drinking water and non-potable water. Non-potable water is divided into two types: human contact and non-contact human body. The medium water can be used for almost all purposes of non-contact.
With the development of China's social economy, the shortage of water resources has become increasingly prominent. The development of “sewage treatment and reuse†to achieve “sustainable use of water resources†has been clearly written in the “Outline of the Tenth Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development†formulated last year. As an important part of wastewater treatment and reuse, the water system in the construction of residential communities has been put on the agenda of relevant government departments at all levels.
In 2001, the “Trial Measures for the Construction of Beijing Water Facilities Construction†stipulated that water storage facilities must be built in residential areas and concentrated construction areas with a construction area of ​​more than 50,000 square meters or a recoverable water volume of 150 cubic meters per day. In addition, with the continuous improvement of the water price of municipal tap water, the investment water facilities have already had initial economic momentum. Therefore, the construction and management of water treatment facilities will be a topic that real estate developers and property management companies must face in the future, and economically, effectively and safely handle and use water, so that investors can save water and meet the society at the maximum. At the same time of benefit, generating a large amount of economic benefits will be an important part of policy formulation and technology research.
So, how to reasonably build the middle water system mud of the community? For a long time, various aspects have not yet formed a unified understanding, which is also a problem that currently plagues many real estate developers.
Raw water collection
Traditionally, bath drainage and washing drainage are collectively referred to as high-quality miscellaneous drainage. If kitchen and toilet drainage (generally septic tank effluent) is included, it is called full-life sewage.
Taking high-quality miscellaneous drainage as the raw water source The high-quality miscellaneous drainage as the water source in the water system is a common practice that has been used in China for many years. Its main advantages are:
The water source has good water quality and is difficult to handle.
The process is simple and the water treatment facilities are low in cost.
However, after the actual engineering inspection, its inherent defects have gradually become known.
Due to the addition of a set of high quality miscellaneous drainage collection pipe network. It has doubled the construction cost and difficulty of the residential drainage system.
The time-course and seasonal fluctuations of raw water vary greatly, and it is not possible to replace all miscellaneous water in the community to the maximum extent. In practice, it is often necessary to supplement a large number of tap water recycling systems. With the start of the water fee, property management will be caused. The department subsidizes the use of water in the households.
High-quality mixed drainage water sources are difficult to ensure sufficient and stable water volume, especially in the early stage of residential occupancy.
With the whole domestic sewage as the raw water source With the development of China's water treatment technology, the level of people's understanding has improved, and the whole domestic sewage has been used as a water source in the project. Its main features are:
(1) Although the cost of water treatment facilities is relatively high, it saves a set of water collection pipe networks. From the perspective of overall investment, it is still quite cost-effective.
(2) The water source of the water system is stable and sufficient, which has created favorable conditions for further expansion of the use of water.
(3) The raw water has a high degree of pollution and is difficult to handle. The design and construction of the water treatment facilities are relatively high.
Determination of treatment scale Zhongshui has the following uses in the community: flushing, cooling water, fire water, car wash water, cleaning water, green water, landscape water, etc.
When the medium water system uses high-quality miscellaneous drainage as the raw water source, the scale of the treatment facility is determined according to the amount of raw water, since the amount of water is generally less than the demand for reuse.
If the whole domestic sewage is used as the raw water source, since sufficient sewage water source can be provided, in order to maximize water conservation, the scale of the water treatment facilities in the community should be determined according to the actual demand of all the water use in the community.
Choice of core process As a specific target object, the water system in the community is in a common feature, and the process selected by the processing facility must have the same function:
(1) Since the water consumption of residents is very uneven from the time of the period, the selected treatment process must have strong impact load resistance.
(2) It is difficult for the operator of the property management company to master the professional knowledge of water treatment, so the designed process system should be easy to operate and maintain.
(3) The relevant national water reuse standards have relatively high requirements for nitrogen and phosphorus, especially the need to reuse the water system of landscape water bodies such as artificial lakes, to prevent the occurrence of odorous phenomena such as black odor, treatment facilities. The selected process should have the function of nitrogen and phosphorus removal.
(4) Low operating cost is also an important factor that must be considered when selecting a process.
In the domestic sewage treatment project, the aerobic biological treatment method is generally the core process, and the aerobic biological treatment method is divided into two major categories: the biofilm method and the activated sludge method.
The main feature of the biofilm process represented by contact oxidation is high processing efficiency, which is suitable for rapid processing methods that do not require high removal rates;
The main feature of the activated sludge process such as oxidation ditch is that the treatment accuracy is good, that is, the effluent water quality can reach a very high standard. Therefore, the contact oxidation is suitable for the middle water system with high-quality miscellaneous drainage as the water source; the sequencing batch method and the oxidation ditch are more suitable for the case where the whole domestic sewage is used as the water source.
Form of construction Since the Zhongshui facility is located in the residential area, the main construction must consider the negative impacts of adverse factors such as noise, odor and solid waste on the overall environment of the community, and must choose the appropriate form of construction:
(1) For all kinds of pools in the treatment facilities, small and medium-sized projects should adopt the form of fully enclosed underground construction; large and medium scales can adopt the form of fully enclosed construction on the ground; if conditions permit, semi-open or Fully open form to save investment. For the whole buried sewage treatment equipment that has appeared in China in the past few years, no matter from the process design or equipment configuration, it has been proved by practice that it is not ideal and is not suitable for such projects.
(2) The selection of equipment should take into account various factors such as noise, maintenance, and energy consumption.
(3) In the overall planning stage of the community, the construction form and planning position of the water facility should be fully considered, the cost of the pipe network construction, the pool and other systems should be reduced as much as possible, and the water structure should be better integrated with the overall style of the community. Fusion.
(4) In the overall planning stage of the community, the construction form and planning position of the water facility should be fully considered, the cost of the pipe network construction, the pool and other systems should be reduced as much as possible, and the water structure should be better integrated with the overall style of the community. Fusion.
The formulation of the reclaimed water policy should consider the following factors:
(1) Can you meet the policy-recycling ratio?
(2) Can you meet the corresponding water quality standards?
(3) Construction cost of supporting pipe network and facilities.
(4) The safety of use and the acceptance of residents' psychology.
This article recommends the following reuse order:
Greening → road spraying → fire water storage → landscape water → car wash → flushing toilet (public construction) → residential greening, road spraying and fire water storage have low cost and good safety. As a landscape, car wash water should pay attention to the removal of relevant key pollutants. Flushing the toilet is one of the most demanding and stable requirements for the medium water. However, due to the need to build a water supply pipeline for the human room, the cost of recycling is high and it is not easy to be accepted by the residents.
In summary, the water reuse in the community should follow the following principles:
(1) In the overall planning stage of the community, the construction form and planning position of the water supply facilities should be fully considered, and the medium water structure should be better considered to be better integrated with the overall style of the community.
(2) Determine the principle of using all domestic sewage as a water source to provide sufficient water reuse to reduce the investment and reuse cost of tons of water.
(3) Determine the treatment scale for all applicable water applications in the community, maximize water conservation, and generate maximum economic benefits.
(4) Fully consider the interests of construction developers in policy formulation, and encourage construction companies to open a water supply facility as soon as possible. And reuse water at low cost