People who raise pigs are less likely to configure their own pig feeds because they use less, and second, they have high technical requirements. Let's take a look at the following, what should be considered first in the selection of raw material for sucker feed. Editor: Xinyue
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First, the choice of protein raw material requirements
1 Digestibility
The raw material of the feed for piglets is selected to be the first standard of digestibility, other indicators are secondary, because the digestibility of suckling pigs is very low, especially the ability of protein digestion is extremely low, causing direct and indirect problems of various common digestive tract problems. The reason is also caused by protein indigestion.
2 amino acid ratio
The ratio and content of amino acids are the second major index for the selection of protein raw materials for sucking pigs. Consider lysine, sulfur amino acids, threonine, tryptophan, and histidine. The best choice is the proportion and high content of these proteins. raw material.
3 The rate of degradation to produce small peptides
The high-quality protein material is rapidly degraded into short peptides in the gastrointestinal tract of suckling pigs and quickly absorbed. This property of protein material is an extension of the digestibility characteristics and an important indicator of protein material.
4 protein content
Try to find protein materials with high nutrient content, which is an important way for them to obtain nutrition as much as possible and increase daily weight gain in the context of the limited feed intake of suckling pigs.
5 Cost - Protein/Price
High-quality protein raw materials, on the one hand, are subject to the competition of baby food prices, and the supply is limited. Therefore, the price is not low. To evaluate this measure, we must compare the benefits and prices of the pigs that this raw material may create, not just measure The impact of raw material prices on feed product prices.
Second, you can choose raw materials and comments
1 plasma protein
The digestibility of plasma protein powder, the composition of amino acids, and the rate of degradation to produce small peptides are all the first. It is a good source of protein for suckling pigs, and homologous plasma protein powders are more effective. It contains small peptides and amino acids that are close to the pig's amino acids.
2 Dairy products
Dairy products are mainly based on milk proteins, but very few feeds are supplied. Normally, whey powder, which is commonly found in high protein content, is mainly consumed as human food. Its supply is limited and it cannot be used in feeds.
3 Fish
Fish meal, fish sauce, fish solubilized fish products, fish meal digestibility, amino acid composition and protein content are all high quality protein raw materials. In addition to common fishmeal, the by-products of fish processing: fish sauce and fish sauce are also good.
4 Brewer's yeast
The supply of brewer's yeast is limited. However, it is a special protein raw material. Besides its effective amino acid content and good digestibility, it is also rich in B vitamins and some nutrients essential for metabolism, so it is used in suckling pig feed. Used in a special role. However, at the beginning of feeding, pigs may refuse to eat because of its special smell.
5 Soy products
Soy products are the most abundant source of protein. The choice of feed for piglets also varies greatly. The common soybean meal is mainly because its digestibility does not meet the requirements of milk piglets, and it also contains high anti-nutritional factors. Soy protein isolates have a high protein content, but they may have higher anti-nutritional factors. To use the enzymatic degradation of the processing process, and all water-soluble, pay attention to the taste, because some products will be produced by the enzymatic degradation of Ku-peptide, which may affect palatability. Soy Protein Concentrate, Soybean meal is soaked in hot alcohol to remove some of the polysaccharides, which is equivalent to the concentration of protein, and therefore the value is higher than that of ordinary soybean meal, but its digestibility is still limited. Fermented soybean meal and soybean meal were fermented, the digestibility was greatly increased, the protein content was also increased, and the anti-nutritional factors were destroyed. Therefore, fermented soybean meal may be the raw material of choice for future piglet feeds. The root cause is the difference in digestibility.
6 wheat, rice, potatoes, peas, beans protein
The above protein material. The amino acid composition is very balanced, there is no anti-nutritional factor, and the digestibility is good. The only problem is that the supply is insufficient and the supply is often unstable.
Third, the impact of protein raw materials on feed quality and coping strategies
1 Feed intake
The difference in digestibility of raw materials has a great influence on feed intake. Increasing feed digestibility is the key to improving feed intake of suckling pigs. Therefore, the quality control department of the feed company must strictly inspect and control the digestibility of feed ingredients, especially protein ingredients.
2 Diarrhea incidence
Indigestion feed, which enters the large intestine after passing through the small intestine, is a good growth medium for bacteria in the large intestine, resulting in rapid bacterial growth in the large intestine, which is the main cause of diarrhea in piglets.
3 days weight gain
The daily growth of the milk piglet is important only after the feed has been digested, absorbed and re-deposited, and the daily gain in this phase has extraordinary significance for the whole growth performance of the commercial pig.
4. Weaning stress
Weaning stress is the key link that affects the full benefit of the pig. The feed at this time also involves the digestibility of raw materials, and particularly requires palatability.
Fourth, feed formulation strategy under different cost requirements
1 High protein, high amino acid content, low monomeric amino acids
This is the most ideal piglet feed program. The general protein design is 24%-25%. With this program piglet pig feed, the high production performance of the pig will be obtained in pig production. Such a program requires quality feed. Raw materials, generally plasma protein powder, dairy products, the problem is that the cost is too high.
2 protein, high amino acid content, low monomeric amino acid
The pigs produced in this scheme can also obtain very good production performance. This is also a common solution for the current commercial feed for suckling piglets, and the general protein design is about 21%.
3 protein, high amino acid content, high monomeric amino acid
Because suckling pigs use monomer amino acids less efficiently than small peptides, as long as they are designed with enough amino acids to achieve medium protein, the selectivity to protein materials will be greater, and the cost will be reduced. However, such a scheme, Compared to the second option, the effect is much worse.
4 Low protein, medium amino acid content, low monomer amino acid
Constrained by the pressure on the digestibility of protein raw materials, some people adopt such a scheme to achieve medium to high production performance in production. The advantages of the program are: the cost of feed is much lower, and many difficulties common in piglet production are reduced by a lot. In the case that the first and second plans are not reached, it is also good to adopt this plan. With this plan, it is necessary to pay attention to all possible means to increase the amount of food intake so as to have good production performance. (China Animal Husbandry Network)