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"Three dishes and one grain" followed by efficient planting mode
In order to increase the multiple cropping index and enrich the people's "vegetable basket," cabbage, watermelon, cabbage and wheat were planted in the form of planting crops to achieve a good harvest. This technology has achieved great success in Liangzhuang Village of Wangshu Town for several years. The main technical points are as follows. First, the agricultural arrangements 1. Cabbage in early January (before and after New Year's Day) greenhouse or Yangshuo nursery, planting in early March, the harvest in late April market. 2. Watermelon Before and after the harvest on April 10, the germination was planted in the cabbage field. It is listed in early July and pulled in late July. 3. Cabbage Watermelon, immediately after harvesting, will broadcast 50 to 60 days of early-maturing Chinese cabbage varieties, harvested around September 20. 4. After the wheat cabbage is harvested, the winter wheat is sown. Second, the planting form and density take 2.5 meters a planting belt, each year planting belt to leave a 1 meter wide watermelon cultivation line, and the remaining 1.5 meters planted 4 lines of cabbage. Plant spacing 35 cm, spacing 30 cm, density 3500/667 square meters. The 4 rows of cabbage were covered with a 2 meter long bamboo insert cover film, which was 2 meters wide and 0.08 mm thick. The watermelon was planted on a small high ridge, and watering ditch was left on both sides of the Xiaogao ridge. The ridge height was 8 to 10 cm and the ridge width was 70 to 80 cm. Two rows of watermelons are planted on the ridge, with a 30 to 40 centimeter spacing. Density varies with the variety, generally 800 to 1200/667 square meters. After the watermelons such as cabbage are pulled, they are made to live (due to the high temperature and rainy season, they are not suitable for transplanting). The spacing is 40 centimeters and the density is 4000/667 square meters. After the autumnal equinox, cabbage was harvested and winter wheat was sown. III. Cultivation measures 1. Breed selection Cabbage use early and high yield Zhonggan 11,8398 and other varieties; watermelon selection Xionong 8, Xinhongbao, Zheng Za 5 and other early maturing varieties; Cabbage selection 50 to 60 days of early maturing varieties , such as small hybrid 56, Lu Bai 50, 55 and so on. 2. Cultivate strong Miao cabbage in the greenhouse or Yangshuo nursery, nursery area of ​​15 square meters per 667 square meters. The nursery in Yangshuo is required to pave the hotline. During the day, the electricity is cut off and the electricity is turned on for 2 hours before the lid is covered. After the second day, electricity is supplied to reach the required temperature. Keep the ground temperature at 20-25°C. The configuration of nutritious soil: 70% of fat field soil, 30% of organic fertilizer, 1 kg of diammonium per cubic meter, mixed and sieved. Seeding: Brassica oleracea before sowing, until the water seepage, spread the seeds 2 to 3 times, then cover the soil about 1 cm, 0.1 kg per 667 square meters. After the sowing, the film is buckled and put up at night. After the emergence of the hotline is disabled. To prevent tall seedlings, pay attention to hardening seedlings before planting. 3 leaf 1 heart to 4 leaf 1 heart, daytime temperature is controlled below 20 °C, and spray sterilization drug 1 time. 5 cm square sparse seedlings, ready for planting with Taiwan. The watermelons were sown in Daejeon before April 10th and sown in the mulch. Or in the Yangshuo vacant cabbage breeding seedlings. Use 0.2 kg of seed. 3. Colonization and management (1) Preparation before planting Fertilizer 5000 kg of organic fertilizer is applied to 667 square meters, 50 to 70 kg of superphosphate (or 25 kg of diammonium), 150 to 200 kg of cooked cake fat. After evenly mixing the fertilizer, spread 1/3 and apply 2/3 furrow. Fifteen days before the site preparation for planting, planting a planthopper, deep plowing 20 to 30 centimeters, and smashing the ground for 2 to 3 times to reach the real condition of the upper shrine. Then according to the requirements of fertilization, 7 days before planting, the mulching film should be planted. (2) Management of cabbage 1 temperature after planting. After planting, cover a small shed. 10 to 15 days after planting, do not let go of the wind before easing seedlings. The temperature is controlled below 20°C during the day and above 5°C during the night. In early April, small arch shelters can be removed. At this time, watermelons have been planted in the fields, and the small arched sheds under their arms are buckled on the watermelon; 2 fertilizer and water management. Cave water planting, do not flood flood irrigation, slow watering after irrigating seedlings; in the ball 667 square meters ball urea 10 to 20 kg. The market is harvested from late April to early May; 3 Pest control. In early spring, cabbage generally has lighter pests, such as downy mildew, which can be sprayed with a schizophrenia or 70% mancozeb 500 times solution. Control cabbage Pieris, sprayed with 1000 times BT emulsion. Note that medication should be alternated. Watermelon 1 temperature management. Before planting till the seedlings are not released, the seedlings will be warmed and promoted slowly. During the day, the temperature is maintained at 25 to 30°C and at night around 15°C. Fertilizer was applied twice during the whole growth period. The first time in the regimental period, 667 square meters topdressing urea 5 ~ 7.5 kg; the second time in the 50% of the melon grows to egg size, 667 square meters topdressing urea 7.5 ~ 10 kg. Do not water the flowering period to prevent flowering and fruit drop. After setting a pod, pour guava and pour 2 water. Stop watering 5 to 7 days before maturity. The watermelon enlarges sprays the sweetener; 3 prunes. Take the double vine pruning, the main vine and the main vine on the 5 to 7 section of the strong buds stay in the vine, each plant 1 melon; 4 prevent disease. Watermelon is easy to get anthracnose, angular spot disease, etc., spray 70% mancozeb 500 times liquid or big student M ~ 45 alternately every 7 days. Cabbage 1 field management. After emergence of cabbage and time seedlings, Dingmiao, cultivator plan; 2 fertilizer and water management. The management of fertilizers and water should be strengthened during the regimental period, the rosette stage and the ball stage, and flood irrigation should be avoided to prevent the occurrence of soft rot. In the middle of the rosette, 0.5% to 1% of urea or potassium dihydrogen phosphate foliar fertilizer was sprayed once every 7 days and sprayed three times. This can increase the net weight of the leaf ball and increase production. 3 pest control. Pieris rapae, cotton bollworms were sprayed with BT emulsion 800 times or Baishu 1000-1500 times. Downy mildew with 58% of metalaxyl manganese zinc 500 times, Prec 600 times, 600 times 600 grams of foliar spray; soft rot disease group with DT wettable powder 500 to 1000 times, or Streptomycin for agricultural use 3000 ~ 4000 times, drenching stems and roots; Virus disease bacteria Qingqing 300 times + 200 times milk powder + 1000 times potassium permanganate, foliar spray.