mint

<

< p>
Scientific name: Menthaarvensis

Family Genus: Labiatae (Mentha)

Morphological characteristics:

Plant height 30 cm to 80 cm, the whole plant has a cool aroma. Rhizome pods, white. Stems or erect stems above ground, green or purple, square, hollow, with retrorse puberulent and glandular spots. Leaves opposite, ovate or oblong, margin serrulate, both surfaces puberulent and yellow glandular, round umbel axillary; calyx bell-shaped, outside white pubescent and glandular, 10-veined, 5-toothed Corolla pinkish red, 2-lipped; stamens 4; ovary 4-lobed. Nutlets 4, ovoid. Flowering from August to October, fruiting period from September to November.

Growth habits:

The timing of mint flowering and the amount of honey flowing are greatly influenced by the climate. During the flowering period, generally high temperature and high humidity, sunny full-sunshine, no drought, temperatures above 30 degrees Celsius, up to 35 to 37 degrees Celsius, the amount of honey secretion is greater. Mint flowed throughout the day, but the honey flowed around noon, and the bees were actively gathering and entering the honey. When the rain is fine and the weather is fine, the amount of honey released will increase significantly. If the long-term rain or long-term drought, honey secretion will be significantly reduced or stopped.

In the event of a storm, unopened flowers will be postponed and open flowers will be given in advance. In summer, the honey source is lacking in many regions. The use of this honey source by bee colonies can not only maintain the group potential and develop bee colonies, but also effectively prevent “summer decline” and produce more high-quality commercial honey. Therefore, it plays an important role in bee-keeping production during the midsummer period.

Mint honey is deep in color, dark amber and has a strong minty odor. Has a high medicinal value.

One, the root

The peppermint cultivated on the production, which has a real absorption effect, is a large number of fibrous roots which are planted on the upright stem in the ground part and the underground rhizome section. These roots are buried into the soil to a depth of about 30cm, and the top soil layer is concentrated around 15 to 20cm. In addition, in the case of relatively high humidity between the plants, many aerial roots grow on the basal segments of the erect stems and between the nodes. This aerial root will die on its own in the dry weather. The growth and development hardly work.

Second, the stem

1. The stem above ground

Mint stems can be divided into two kinds, one is called erect stems, square, the color varies from species to species, with blue and purple points. Its main role is to grow leaves, produce branches, and connect the roots and leaves, transport the water and nutrients that the root system absorbs from the soil to the leaves, and transport the photosynthetic products of the leaves to the root conduction channel. There are festivals and festivals on it, and there are living leaves on the section and branching in the leaves. Although there is a small amount of oil glands on the surface of the stem, the essential oil content is very slight (oil yield of stem fresh products is 0.001% to 0.004%). The other is called the stolon, which is formed by the lateral growth of the buds on the basement of the erect stems. It also has nodes and internodes. There are two opposite bud scales and latent buds on each section. After growing on the ground, sometimes the top of the plant grows into the soil and continues to grow for a period of time. The top buds then pluck out and emerge into new seedlings. Some of the top buds of the Portuguese quail sprout and grow into the branches. The color, number, length, and thickness of stolons often vary depending on the variety and growing conditions.

Underground stem

Also known as underground rhizomes, the shape of the root, it is often used to call the root. Usually when the upper part of the local upright stem grows to a certain height (about 8 knots), the rhizome grows in the stem base of the shallow layer of the soil and gradually grows. After the first harvest, these underground rhizomes germinate seedlings (ie, two-knife seedlings) under suitable moisture conditions, grow to a certain stage and then grow new seedlings, which become the materials for autumn sowing. There are also nodes and internodes on the underground rhizomes. The fibrous roots grow on the nodes. There are also two opposite bud scales and latent buds on each node. The horizontal distribution ranges up to about 30 cm, and the depth of vertical soil penetration is small, most of which are concentrated in About 10cm in the soil surface. Tests have shown that underground rhizomes do not have a dormant period under natural conditions, that is, they can germinate and grow at any time of the year and grow into plants when the soil temperature and moisture are appropriate.

Water and nutrients are stored in the underground rhizomes. When conditions are suitable, they can be sown in soil to germinate and grow into new plants. This new plant can basically maintain the original morphology and excellent traits of the variety. Therefore, it is The main part of the production used for reproduction.

Third, leaves

The leaves of the mint are born on the stem section in a converse manner. The shape, color, thickness of the leaves, the condition of the foliage, the density of the sawtooth edges, etc. vary depending on the species, growth period, and growing conditions. In general, the shape of the leaves is oval, oval, etc.; leaf color is green, dark green and gray-green.

The leaves of mint are both photosynthetic organs and the main place for storing essential oils. The distribution of the oil glands (oil storage structures) on the upper and lower epidermis of the leaves has more epidermis below. The number of oil glands per unit leaf area varies from variety to variety and at the same time is related to the growth period, leaf age, and leaf position of the plant. The greater the density of oil glands on a certain leaf area, the higher the oil content. The content of essential oils in the leaves accounts for more than 98% of the total oil content of the whole plant. However, for each leaf, its oil content is closely related to environmental conditions, cultivation techniques, varieties, leaf parts and leaf age. . According to the determination, the oil content in the leaves of the plants gradually increased from the bottom up.

The level of oil production per unit area depends primarily on the number of leaves per unit area, the size of the leaf area, and the level of oil content (oil gland density). Therefore, how to increase or decrease the number of leaves in the production practice and delay the shedding of the leaves to prevent pests and diseases has become an important link in the increase of mint production.

Branching

Branches of mint grow from latent buds within the main stem leaf axils, on which opposite leaves also arise. The branching ability of different species is different. At the same time, the number of branches, length of branching, and branching position are related to the population density and training measures in the field. In general, as the density of the population in the field is increased, the number of individual plants is divided. As the number of branches decreases, branching positions increase. Poor cultivation conditions, especially the lack of fertilizer and water, can also affect branching. Therefore, how to control the reasonable field density based on the branch habit, soil fertility, fertilization level and other conditions in the cultivation is one of the important measures to obtain high yield.

V. Flowers, fruits, seeds

Mint flowers are smaller. Calyx base united into a bell-shaped, with five triangular teeth on the upper part; corolla pale pink, lavender or milky white, four fissures at the base of the joint; normal flowers with four stamens (some varieties of stamens are not exposed or leave only traces), born On the wall of the corolla; one of pistil, the top of the style is bifid, protruding out of the corolla. The flowers of normal flowers (ie, female and stamen) are larger, the stamens are not exposed or leave only traces, and the flowers are smaller.

In natural growth, flowers bloom once a year. Under artificial cultivation conditions, it is generally harvested twice a year and flowered twice (except for some varieties and certain regions), and the flowering period varies depending on the variety and region.

The peak of flowering during the day often changes with weather conditions. If the weather is fine, it is generally at 6 to 9 in the morning. Cloudy or rainy days are postponed and open in the afternoon.

Mint self-pollination is generally not robust and must rely on wind or insects for cross-pollination. It usually takes about 10 to 15 days from bud emergence to flowering, and it takes about 20 days for a flower to bloom from seed opening. The level of seed setting varies with species and environmental conditions. A flower can bind up to four seeds and be stored in a bell-shaped flower pot. The fruit is a small nut, oval-shaped oval, small seeds, light brown, only about 1g grain weight, each grain can reach about 5 million seeds.

Temperature Measurement Door,Human Body Thermal Imaging Safety Detector,Thermometry Door. Through the infrared non-contact temperature measurement, infrared temperature measurement, screening heat target, and sound alarm to help station, airport, market and hospitals to montior body temperature during coronavirus situation.


Temperature Instruments

Temperature Instruments,Temperature Measurement Door,Human Body Thermal Imaging Safety Detector,Thermometry Door

Huali Technology Co., Ltd , https://www.jlhualitech.com