First, the difference between the grafting technology and the traditional technology

1. In the past, grafting with petioles was grafted without petioles. Grafting without petiole can be tight, airtight, and high in survival rate.

2. Grafted leaf buds (sub shoots) grafted winter buds. The winter buds are stout and the branches are robust and mature early.

3. Change to a simple bandage of plastic ties for the use of two different thickness plastic bandages respectively: the root anvil is wrapped with a thicker plastic ties and can be tightly tied; the scion is wrapped with a thin plastic ties , Can scald all parts of the scion tight, airtight, without losing water, is conducive to survival. In this way, the grafted seedlings can grow thick, sophisticated, and have a high degree of lignification. Some of the seedlings can also be seen in the same year.

Second, the specific approach

1. Selection of rootstock culture: Select “Jiufeng” series of grape seedlings that have been cultivated for two years or one year old, with developed roots, vigorous growth, and no disease or injury. The seedlings shall be leveled in advance, and the farmyard fertilizer or slag cake fertilizer shall be applied beforehand. Line spacing 50-60 cm, spacing 30-40 cm. After planting, irrigating the water, timely flattening (in the lower root of each seedling left two full buds, cut off more than the seedling stem). In the colder areas in the north, after the seedlings are planted, plastic sheds are used to incubate the seedlings to promote seedling growth. After germination, only one strong shoot is left for each seedling to grow upward, and other weak shoots and axillary buds in the roots are removed. When the fruit seedling grows 7 to 8 leaves, the flat top hits the tip. The seedlings are encouraged to grow thick and strong.

2. Selection of scion: In the ventilation sunny place, select the strong and disease-free strong branches as scion, remove the fruit string from the scion branches beforehand (remove the fruit string on the scion branches 20-30 days before grafting) Causes the scion to grow well.

3. Grafting Notes: 1 Nursery pours water 2 to 3 days before grafting. 2 It is better to graft after 9 o'clock in the morning and after 6 o'clock in the sunny days. It is not suitable for grafting when there is too much rain or dew. (3) The thickness of rootstock seedlings used should be approximately the same as the thickness of the scion branches and should be semi-lignified. 4 The scion should be drawn as close as possible to the nearest material. With the use of the scoop, remove the leaves immediately after cutting and wrap them with a damp cloth to cover them. If it is necessary to pick the scion at a long distance, use a wide mouth thermos bottle to store and transport the scion. The ice inside the bottle will cool and moisten to prevent the scion from losing water.

4. Treatment of rootstock seedlings: Leave 3 to 4 leaves on the rootstock seedlings, cut 10 to 12 cm away from the ground and cut them into flat buns. Cut the diameter of the rootstock seedlings to 1 cm or more, and cut the rootstock seedlings in a flat cut. In the middle, use a knife to cut the 3 cm long vertical incision up and down to prepare for inserting the scion. The interface of the cut should be north-south. (In the future, the bud of the scion is inserted into the sun to facilitate growth).

5. Scion treatment: Select 0.8 to 1 cm in diameter, semi-lignified, before the shoot after the tip of a flat-topped branch for scion, requires no disease, no injury, winter buds to full, remove the secondary shoot next to the winter bud, and then remove all under the winter bud Petiole, leaving only one bud per scion. Leave 1 cm above the scion bud and 4 cm at the lower end of the bud. After scion cutting, use a knife to cut 2.5 to 3 cm long incisions at a point 1 cm below both sides of the buds of the scion to make it wedge-shaped.

6. Grafting and dressing: The cut scion is immediately inserted into the incision of the split rootstock. The incision and scion of the rootstock should not be drowning, nor should hormones or adhesives be used to avoid affecting the survival. Bring the side of the scions to the south and align the rootstock with the side of the shoot where the shoots are on the side of the shoot (ie align the skin). The upper side of the cutting cuttings will expose 0.3 cm of rootstock, revealing a little incision to facilitate the healing of rootstock and scion wounds. , And immediately with a 0.08 mm thick, 1 to 1.2 cm wide, 20 to 25 cm long plastic tie bandage rootstock, tightly knotted tightly from the bottom up, tied up the root of the rootstock, and then use the thickness of 0.03 mm, width 1.5 The plastic ties with centimeters and 20-25 centimeters in length have all the scions above the rootstock tightly bound and tightly bound. Only the buds are exposed. The corners of the scion must be tightly packed and not air-permeable.

7. Management after grafting: Immediately after grafting, pour water once. After seeing it dry and watering in time, apply N, P, and K more elements and pay attention to eradicate weeds. After 7 to 10 days, new shoots and shoots were sprouted, and when the third leaf was grown, flower spikes were picked. Some strong seedlings have a second spike after the fourth to the fifth leaves, and they must remove the spikes on the seedlings in time. When grafted seedlings grow to 20-25 cm in height, they must be tied in a timely manner to prevent the wind from lodging. Usually timely removal of axillary buds on the rootstock. Grafted seedlings grow 7 to 8 leaves when they hit the tip of a flat top. After the tip is hit, new shoots are drawn from the leaves, leaving the top one bud to extend upward. The buds that grow under the other leaves remain a topping (ie, tipping). When the buds at the top of the shoots grow 7 to 8 leaves, they can hit the flat top again. After the grafting, attention should be paid to the control of pests and diseases. Once every 20 days, spray 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and other foliar fertilizers, spray 2 to 3 times. The plastic banding at the grafting site should not be lifted too early to be relieved in the autumn or next spring.

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