Farmers in Pengzhou, Anhui province, planted 40 acres of paddy rice fields, and they have planted leeches for 8 to 9 days. According to the normal situation in previous years, new roots were planted in 3 days, and new leaves were grown in 5 days. In only 7 days, rice bran could be eased. This year, he could not see the easing of seedlings. He was anxious and he consulted the experts through a hotline.

Experts carefully inquired Lapen's management before and after rice transplanting, especially after the actual application of water and fertilizer, put forward the following analysis and recommendations.

The main reasons why the Peng family planted this year were not slowed down in time. There are two main reasons:

One is that the nitrogen fertilizer used in the base fertilizer is too much: 45% of the high-concentration compound fertilizer (15—15—15) is 40 kg/mu in the two days before transplanting, and 25 kg/mu of ammonium bicarbonate is also applied; Days, additional sub-fertilizer once, apply urea 15-20 kg / acre. Before and after these two base fertilizers, a total of 17-19 kg/mu of pure nitrogen was applied, and the amount of available nitrogen fertilizer was too large.

Second, improper fertilization method: Before paddy rice transplanting, the soil in the paddy field is not deep-turned. A large number of basal fertilizers are applied with disk saggers to carry water. The shallow-buried soil layer is shallow, and a large amount of nitrogen fertilizer is concentrated in shallow soil with 10 cm of water. Combined with ammonium bicarbonate dissolution and urea hydrolysis, the alkaline reaction of the root layer is increased, resulting in a high concentration of free ammonium/ammonia near the rhizosphere, so that the transplanted rice seedlings are subjected to stress and slow down.

Nitrogen is a lively element. It is concentrated in a large amount in the early stages, resulting in loss of nitrogen. When large amounts of nitrogen are needed in the later period, nitrogen is lost, which inevitably leads to a loss of yield and quality. For the unreasonable fertilization in this case, two high-yield fertilization schemes are recommended for reference.

1. Balanced fertilization method: 1/3 nitrogen full-thickness base application (pre-planting, mixed in 0-20 cm plow layer), 1/3 nitrogen fertilizer applied in the returning green stage to promote growth, and 1/3 nitrogen fertilizer in the stage of spikelet differentiation Apply, reduce the degradation of spikelets, keep flowers.

2. Deep fertilization method: 30% nitrogen is applied to the full depth of the soil before transplanting or 7-10 days after planting in a depth of 5-7 cm. At the beginning of spike differentiation, the remaining 70% was applied and applied deep to 12-15 cm soil layer. This method has a high utilization rate of fertilizer, which saves 20% of nitrogen compared to surface treatment. Rice grows steadily, the spike rate is high, stem segments are thick and short, the upper leaves are large, the leaves are dark, and grains are full.

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