Cold Shed Tomato-Tomato-Celery

In recent years, the three-crop continuous cultivation system—tomato, tomato, and celery—implemented in Angezhuang Town of Yinan County has demonstrated remarkable economic benefits after several years of practical application. By 2008, each greenhouse (with a net area of 0.6 to 0.7 mu) generated an average profit of over 12,000 yuan, with some reaching as high as 16,000 yuan. Below are the key technical details of this planting model: **1. Winter and Spring Tomato Cultivation** - **Variety Selection**: Recommended varieties include 'US No. 4' and 'New Secret'. - **Nursery Time**: Seeds are sown from late November to early December, with transplanting taking place in mid-February. - **Soil Preparation and Fertilization**: Apply 5,000–8,000 kg of organic manure, 30 kg of diammonium phosphate, 20 kg of potassium sulfate, and 2 kg of trace elements. After fertilizing, till the soil to a depth of 30 cm, create raised beds 10 cm high, 100 cm wide, cover with plastic film, and plant two rows per bed with a spacing of 23 cm. - **Planting Time**: Plant in mid-February on sunny days, with a density of about 5,000 plants per acre. - **Field Management**: Maintain high daytime temperatures (30–32°C) and lower nighttime temperatures (18–20°C). Water the plants seven days after planting, then gradually reduce temperature to increase the day-night temperature difference. Remove mulch early to promote vigorous growth and avoid weak seedlings. When more than 50% of the plants begin flowering, perform fruit thinning to enhance fruit development. Once the first fruit reaches 2 cm in diameter, apply 10 kg of urea as a top dressing. A second top dressing of 15 kg of urea is applied after the second fruit set. Regular monitoring for pests and diseases is essential. - **Harvesting**: The first harvest begins in mid-April of the following year and ends in mid-May. **2. Summer Tomato Cultivation** - **Variety Selection**: Suitable varieties include '1857' and 'Warm Beauty'. - **Nursery Time**: Sow seeds in early May, transplant seedlings in late June, with a seedling age of approximately 55 days. - **Soil Preparation and Fertilization**: Apply 3,000–5,000 kg of organic manure, 25 kg of diammonium phosphate, 15 kg of potassium sulfate, and 2 kg of trace elements. Till the soil to a depth of 30 cm, create raised beds 10 cm high, 100 cm wide, cover with plastic film, and plant two rows per bed with a spacing of 25 cm. - **Planting Time**: Transplant in late June, at a density of around 4,500 plants per acre. - **Field Management**: During hot weather, open vents on sunny days. Use shade nets when temperatures exceed 30°C and lay 10 cm of straw in furrows to cool the ground. Close vents during rain to prevent water entry. Maintain daytime temperatures between 25–30°C and nighttime temperatures between 16–20°C, with humidity controlled at 50–65%. Spray a 30–40 mg/kg Tomato Spirit Water solution to keep the stigma moist and improve fruit setting. Prune the first truss to leave 3–4 fruits, and the second and third trusses to leave 4–5 fruits. Remove excess flowers, especially those on the first truss and in dense areas. - **Harvesting**: Harvest begins in late August and ends in early September. **3. Autumn and Winter Celery Cultivation** - **Variety Selection**: 'Ventura' celery is recommended. - **Sowing and Planting Time**: Sow seeds in mid-July, transplant seedlings in mid-September using flat cultivation. - **Soil Preparation and Fertilization**: Spread 5,000–8,000 kg of organic fertilizer, 20 g of diammonium phosphate or 100 g of superphosphate, and 20 g of urea per acre. After deep plowing, create beds 1 meter wide, matching the greenhouse span. Two days before planting, spray the seedlings. - **Planting Time**: Plant in mid-September. Carefully dig up the seedlings, shake off the soil, do not cut roots or leaves, remove diseased or weak seedlings, and sort by size for separate planting. Plant 6 rows per 1-meter-wide bed, with a single plant and 8 cm spacing, totaling 50,000 seedlings per acre. Ensure the root length is properly buried without covering the heart or leaves. - **Field Management**: Due to high temperatures and strong sunlight, it's important to provide sufficient water after planting. Water twice in the first two days to encourage new root growth and maintain soil moisture. Loosen the soil after rain or irrigation to promote root development and prevent leggy growth. - **Harvesting**: Celery is typically harvested from mid-November to the end of January next year. It is sold in batches. Timely harvesting is crucial—harvesting too early reduces yield, while delaying harvest causes the petiole nutrients to move to the roots, resulting in hollow, less firm stalks that lower quality and yield.

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