Cucumbers rearing
Heterotrophic silver crucian carp are known for their strong adaptability, which allows them to thrive in various breeding environments. As a result, there are multiple methods used to breed adult fish, each with its own advantages and management requirements. Here are the main approaches:
1. **Main Pond Rearing**: This is one of the most common methods, where silver crucian carp are raised in primary ponds. Alongside them, other species such as tilapia, grass carp, and crustaceans are also often introduced. To achieve high yields and efficiency, it's essential to provide sufficient commercial feed and maintain effective feeding and management practices.
2. **Fish Breeding Pools**: In this method, fingerling ponds are used to raise fish at standard stocking densities without additional feed. Typically, 80 to 120 silver crucian carp are reared per mu (a traditional Chinese unit of area) each year, reaching a harvestable size after six months. The yield is around 25–40 kg per mu, with an average weight of over 200 grams. Survival rates can be as high as 90%, and this method does not negatively impact the growth of the main fish species.
3. **Polyculture in Adult Fish Ponds**: When raising other fish in adult fish ponds, about 100 silver crucian carp per acre are added for polyculture. These fish are raised until the end of the year, reaching weights over 300 grams. With proper density, production can reach 300–500 kilograms per acre. Some farmers use multiple stocking cycles: in the first year, 50-gram fish are stocked, and during May and June, 200 fish are restocked. By the end of the ninth month, they can weigh over 300 grams and be sold. Later, in spring, larger fish become available. This system ensures a steady supply of fish of different sizes, with an annual output of 50–80 kg per acre.
4. **Lake Stocking**: Due to their strong adaptability, silver crucian carp are well-suited for lake and reservoir environments, especially those covering around 5,000 acres. Stocking rates typically range from 50–60 fish per acre, with a minimum size of 6.6 cm. By the end of the year, these ponds can produce 10,000–30,000 kg of fish. Long-term experience shows that lake farming results in fast growth, high yield, and efficient utilization of natural food resources. Additionally, the catch rate is high, and fish can be harvested within the same year, ensuring good market prices and quick returns on investment.
5. **Paddy Field Cultivation**: This method uses winter rice fields or low-lying areas in lake regions. After appropriate modifications—such as raising field ridges and installing water control and fish trapping systems—both rice and fish can be cultivated together. During the rice-growing season, fish are raised alongside the crop. Once the rice is harvested, water levels are increased to submerge the straw, and additional feed like pupae and alfalfa are added. With careful management, including timely water addition, proper fertilization, and disease prevention, both adult fish and large-sized species can be produced.
In addition to these methods, some regions practice polyculture with other fish species, such as trout, or use river rafts and small pit ponds to raise silver crucian carp. These diverse techniques highlight the versatility and economic potential of this species in aquaculture.
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