Greenhouse spinach cultivation technology

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Spinach is one of the most common vegetables. It is also known as Persian, Spinach, Spinach, Parrot, Redroot, Fragrance, etc. It is an annual herb of spinach. It is native to Iran and now spreads to every corner of the world. It is widely cultivated everywhere and has a very high cultivation value.

Cultivation environment

Spinach is a cold-tolerant vegetable, the seeds can germinate at 4 °C, the optimum is 15-20 °C, the suitable temperature for vegetative growth 15--20 °C, 25 °C above the bad growth, aboveground minus 6-8 °C Low temperature, strict requirements on the intensity of sunlight, high water requirements, adequate moisture, flourish when the growth is strong, high yield, good quality. Strong adaptability to the soil, but still to maintain the fertility of the fertility of the soil is good, not acid, suitable pH of 7.3 - 8.2, need more nitrogen fertilizer and appropriate phosphorus and potassium fertilizers.

Select varieties

According to the seed morphology, spinach can be divided into two species, the stabbed species and the non-thorny species. The thorny fruits are rhombic and spiny, the leaves are small and thin, the pod-shaped or arrow-shaped, the texture is soft, the astringency is small, and it is suitable for human consumption ( Tip type), cold hardiness and heat resistance, early maturing, bolting early. Non-stemmed fruits are irregularly round, non-thorny, leafy, hypertrophic, oval, elliptic or irregular, petiole short, heat-resistance weak, bolting late, suitable for overwintering cultivation . In the cultivation process, the varieties suitable for planting in early spring greenhouses can be selected such as spinach hybrids, spinach hybrids, omnipotent energy, and bivalve hybrids.

Soil fertigation

After the harvest of autumn wolfberry vegetables, do not remove the film, direct fertilization, soil preparation, hoeing, generally full-quality per acre full maturity farmyard fertilizer 3--5 tons, 20--25 kg of diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate lO-- 15 kg or 45% of the compound fertilizer 40--50 kg, made of flat 1-1.5 meters wide.

Germination sowing

One day before the spinach seeds were sown, spinach seeds were soaked in cold water for about 12 hours. Remove mucus, remove and drain, then sow or germinate at 15- 20°C. Seeds can be sown after 3-4 days of exposure. Usually sowed at the beginning of December. When sowing, spread the seeds evenly on a flat surface and sow the seeds to a depth of 1-1.5 cm. Then, step on them again, and step on them. It is best to use drills. The spacing is 8-10 cm. Generally about 4 kg of pure seeds are sown per acre.

Scientific fertilizer

Before wintering, the spinach seedlings are about 10 cm high. According to the growth condition, topdressing one over-wintering fertilizer is applied. Each mus of urea 10-15 kg and superphosphate 10-15 kg. After the Spring Festival, the seedlings began to grow, applying 20-25 kg of urea per mu, 15-20 kg of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, and the third fertilizer every 10-15 days. Spinach topdressing is to take applicator, should not spread the fertilizer in the heart of the leaves, so as not to cause burning seedlings, each top dressing should be combined with watering.

Field management

After sowing, spinach is planted until mid-February in the following year. Pour water 1 time before the snow festival to protect the seedlings. In mid-February of the following year, with the constant increase of the outside temperature, spinach began to grow back to green, and it was necessary to pour water once. By the beginning of March, it was necessary to top-dress one-time fertilizer with water, and every coal was chased with ammonium sulfate or urea 15-20 kg. Until the harvest is harvested.

Pest control

Spinach common pests are mainly aphids, leaf miners, downy mildew, anthracnose, etc., aphids with 40% dimethoate 1000 times or 50% anti-influx 2000 - 3000 times spray, leaf miner with 50% Phoxim EC 1000 times or 80% Trichlorphon powder 1000 times spray, Downy mildew spray 58% with 50% rebadami 500 times or 75% chlorothalonil 600 times, 50% thiol for anthrax Buzi 500 times or 50% carbendazim spray 700 times, stop spraying before 10-15 days of spinach harvest.

Timely harvest

The greenhouse spinach must be harvested in the middle or late March, otherwise it will affect the production of the next crop. 1--2 days prior to harvest, watering, harvesting leaves with dew on the morning, harvesting with leeks, leaving 1–2 cm main roots removed, removing yellow leaves from old leaves, and weighing about 500 g with horseshoe A small amount of film is placed around the basket and tightly placed in the basket.

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