Botrytis cinerea is an important disease in greenhouse flowers, which mainly damages flowers, fruits and leaves. The growing season of flowers often accompanies, especially during the growth of winter and spring sheds. If you relax the management, it is more conducive to the occurrence and prevalence of the disease. When it is severe, it can cause a large number of fallen flowers, affect the flowering of plants, and reduce the ornamental value. Pathogens and Occurrence Conditions: Botrytis cinerea is caused by the semi-known fungus Botrytis cinerea. The pathogens are attached to the diseased body with mycelia or conidia and sclerotium, or remain in the soil for winter. The bacteria development temperature suitable for 10 °C to 32 °C, the minimum 4 °C, relative humidity requirements to maintain more than 90%. Due to the suitable temperature in the spring, the humidity in the shed is large, and if the ventilation is not timely, it is a major cause of serious morbidity. The main symptoms of the disease: the bacteria invade from the pores or wounds of the armpit hair, pedicel, spread to the fruit stems, and the skin is gray and white with water-like soft rot. When the humidity is high, the fruit surface produces a lot of gray mold layer, and the diseased flowers fall on the leaf surface. , easy to cause the incidence of leaves, forming a large round of gray mold. Burnt-out, rotten fruit fall onto the stalk causing rot in the stem, and plants die when severe. For example, when the leaves of Chrysanthemum are damaged, the edges of the leaves are brown spots, and the surface is slightly camouflaged. The petiole and pedicel are first softened, and then the surface is rotted. When the dwarf leaves are damaged, the diseased leaves become water-stained and gradually become black. Brown and rot. In addition, gerbera and cyclamen are also vulnerable. Control methods 1. Seed disinfection. To kill the fungus that adheres to the surface of flower seeds, the seeds can be soaked in 10% trisodium phosphate solution for 20 minutes and rinsed with running water for 40 minutes. It can also be soaked in warm water at 52°C for 30 minutes and dried after use. 2. Home soil planting. The pathogens mainly live in the soil in winter. Therefore, regardless of whether it is a garden plant or a pot plant, the soil is required to be a disease-free new soil, and potted soil, pots, and bulbs are to be sterilized. 3. Shed management. Remove diseased leaves, diseased flowers and yellow leaves in a timely manner, keep the shed clean, and be airy and clear. High temperature stuffy shed antibacterial. Before and after the onset of growth, proper control of watering, timely and late release. Increase the temperature of the shed to 33°C, which is unfavorable for producing differentiated spores. Reduced humidity reduces roof and foliage condensation. 4. Chemical control. At the beginning of the disease, 45% of chlorothalonil smoke can be used, or 15% of fast smoke can be smoked for 3 to 4 hours (250 grams per mu). Can also use 5% chlorothalonil dust (1 kg per acre greenhouse) in the evening sprinkled. The spraying method can use 65% zeocin zinc wettable powder 500 times liquid, spray once every 10 days, spray 2 to 4 times (interval 7 to 10 days). Can also be sprayed at the beginning of the disease 50% quick-Ling 1000 times, or 50% Duo Ling 1000 times, alternately used every 7 days, 2 to 3 times in a row, can effectively control the occurrence of gray mold. 5. Reasonable fertilization. Try to use decomposed organic fertilizers, increase the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, improve the disease resistance of plants, and pay attention to controlling the amount of nitrogen fertilizer to prevent leggy and aggravate the disease.
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