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How to Improve the Quality of Farmhouse Fertilizer in Winter
In winter, the weather is cold, the temperature is low, and it is not easy to ferment the farmyard manure. However, if the following issues are taken care of, the heap can decompose faster and the quality of farmyard manure can be improved. First, choose a good place to select the accumulation of fertilizer to be close to the source of manure, flat terrain, leeward sunny and convenient transportation. Second, plan a good dunghill landfill manikin shape is best to be round, dunghill height is generally more than 1.5 meters is better, otherwise difficult to keep warm. 3. Stir and mix the various farmyard fertilizers (pothole fertilizers, over-circulation fertilizers, glutinous rice straw, human waste, loose waste, etc.), mix thoroughly, and mix evenly. Fourth, human fecal urine and plant ash should not be mixed According to information: human excreta in nitrogen 0.5% -0.8%, phosphorus 0.2% -0.4%, potassium 0.2% -0.3%, but also rich in calcium. The nitrogen in human excreta is mainly in the form of urea. During the fermentation or decomposing process, ammonium carbonate is formed due to the action of urease; the potassium in plant ash is mainly in the form of potassium carbonate, and Calcium carbonate. When they absorb moisture, they change to potassium hydroxide and calcium hydroxide. If human urine and wood ash are mixed and piled together, a chemical reaction will occur after decomposing, and ammonia gas will run away to reduce the fertilizer efficiency. Therefore, in the winter, it is necessary to store human fecal urine and plant ash separately. 5. Add ferrous sulfate in human urine and add 500-600 grams of ferrous sulfate per 100 kg of human urine, which can convert ammonium uric acid in human urine into stable ammonium sulfate, which can protect fertilizer and deodorize and prevent nitrogen. The role of the wave. 6. Add calcium phosphate fertilizer to the manure by adding 20% ​​superphosphate powder to the manure, stir it well, and stack it for more than 20 days. This will not only stop the loss of nitrogen in the manure, but also accelerate the maturity of the manure and increase the organic phosphorus. Content, improve the efficacy of phosphorus in fertilizers. 7. Adding Ammonium Bicarbonate by Stacking Manure The plant stalks and leaves are cut into pieces, and 0.5% to 1% of ammonium bicarbonate is added and the amount of human waste and urine is piled up. Then, the slurry is covered and sealed, and after decomposed, it becomes highly efficient and organic. fat. VIII. To increase the proportion of hot fertilisers Winter plots of farmyard manure should be appropriately increased in manure and other hot fertilizers. This will not only speed up the fermentation of the fertilizer, but also provide good quality. In addition, it should also be adapted to reduce the amount of water and soil in order to raise the temperature of the dung heap, and promote the acceleration of fermentation. Nine, composting method In order to determine the bottom of the manure pile hand, you must first spread a layer of yellow feces or a variety of grasshoppers, and then stacked layer by layer above the mix evenly and a variety of farmyard fertilizers, until it reaches the required height. Tenth, increase the dunghill winter cold, dung heap if too small, easy to be frozen, can not ferment, affect the quality. After increasing the dunghill, the heat is distributed slowly, which is conducive to fermentation. 11. Insulation of closed mud To maintain the temperature of the dunghill and prevent loss of nutrients, qualified farmers should use corn leaves or grass to cover the dung heaps to form a 30-50 cm thick insulation layer. Sorghum stalks, and then mud wipe closed. Some people have done experiments: the method of adding insulation around the farmyard manure in winter, the organic matter content increased by 1.96%, available nitrogen and available phosphorus have also greatly improved. Twelve, to speed up the frozen manure fermentation In order to speed up the frozen manure fermentation, you can plan a pit in the dunghill (dung heap can be planed two pits), piled into the pit or grass and other objects, and then ignition fumes, slowly Smoked stuffy. However, it is important to note that the ignition of fumes is not an open burning fire to prevent overheating and failure of manure. In addition, in order to prevent the cold wave from invading, a layer of thin soil or grids should be placed on the dunghills, and old plastic sheets should be covered under certain conditions. After the dung has been defrosted, it has been dug for more than 10 days.