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Occurrence and Control of Tomato Fruit
The growth of the placental tissue of the tomato fruit is not substantial, the pericarp is separated from the placental tissue, the cavity of the seed is hollow, and the surface of the fruit is ridged, the flesh is less, the taste of the juice is light, and the appearance of the fruit is larger, but the weight is lighter and the taste is not Good, seriously affect the quality and weight of the fruit. In the greenhouse, greenhouses generally occur in January-January. 1, the reasons for the occurrence (1) poor flower bud differentiation: the temperature is too low in the greenhouse, flower buds in the differentiation period of temperature below 10 degrees, often lead to poor flower bud differentiation, flower defects. The fruit of this rosette tends to be more empty. (2) Poor environmental conditions during flowering: the temperature in the greenhouse was too low, the flowering temperature was below 15 degrees, the pollination was poor due to lack of light, the seeds were degraded, and the growth of the placenta was not enriched. (3) During the fruiting period, excessive nitrogen fertilizer and excessive nutrient growth occurred; after the application of growth stimulating hormone, the soil nutrients were insufficient, and the fruit expansion period lacked sufficient nutrient supply, all of which were easy to form empty fruit. (4) Improper application of growth hormone: If the concentration of growth hormone is too large, it is easy to cause vacuoles. Application of 2,4-D or tomato spirit too early, such as the application of 5-6 days before flowering, it is easy to produce empty fruit. Reasonable application time is the day of flowering or 1-2 days before and after flowering. (5) Temperature conditions are not suitable: During the result period, the temperature condition is too high (above 30 degrees) or too low (below 12 degrees), and when the light is insufficient, nutrient accumulation in the plant is small, and empty fruit is also easily generated. (6) Malnutrition during fruit enlargement period: Due to the low ground temperature in winter, the roots are stunted, the absorption capacity is not strong, the supply of fertilizer and water in the ground is insufficient, and malnutrition affects the fruit enlargement. 2. Prevention and control measures (1) Maintain suitable temperature in sheds and indoor areas: by timely uncovering the grass rakes and maintaining the suitable temperature in the sheds, 25-28 degrees during the day and 12-15 degrees during the night, to prevent the damage of low temperature or high temperature. (2) Rational fertilization: With organic fertilizer added, the application of chemical fertilizers should be reasonably matched with nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, and avoid using only large amounts of nitrogen fertilizer. (3) The concentration and time should be appropriate when applying the flower growth regulator. (4) Soil treatment: Deep-turning land should be more than 30 cm. Soil conditioner can also be used to avoid deep plowing 200 grams per acre, with water flushing when watering, about 10-29 days, 50-100 cm deep soil loose and transparent, promote rapid growth and development of roots, the roots are strong absorption capacity, To ensure the above-ground water and fertilizer needs and fruit enlargement needs. At the same time, loose soil and enhanced water storage capacity can reduce the number of watering in winter and avoid the decrease of ground temperature caused by watering. (5) The application of natural alizarin - Shuofeng 481: its main role is to enhance the photosynthesis of chlorophyll, promote the production of plant nutrients; but also with other gibberellins, ethephon, anti-declining and other plant growth regulators effect. After planting the seedlings, they sprayed 0.1% natural alizarin 8.1,5 grams of water on 45-60 kg of water and promoted seedlings. Spray again before flowering, the same concentration as above, to promote the formation of flower buds, both to prevent the effect of falling flowers. Every 20 days, once again in the fruit expansion period, the same concentration for the first time, to promote fruit enlargement, increase production. Spraying 1-2 times in winter can improve the cold resistance of plants, prevent the occurrence of freezing damage, greatly increase the yield of tomatoes before Spring Festival, and effectively reduce the occurrence of empty fruit. (6) Thinning and fruit thinning, foliar dressing, etc. also have certain preventive and therapeutic effects.